论文标题

关于信天翁如何实时优化其飞行物理的新假设

A novel hypothesis for how albatrosses optimize their flight physics in real-time: an extremum seeking model and control for dynamic soaring

论文作者

Pokhrel, Sameer, Eisa, Sameh A.

论文摘要

信天翁优化的飞行操作 - 被称为动态飙升 - 不过是生物学,物理和工程学的奇观。通过利用动态飙升,几乎可以通过从风中收集能量来免费沿所需的飞行方向行驶。动态飙升的生物学灵感引发了许多科学和工程社区的重大兴趣。研究,建模和模拟动态飙升已经在文献中进行了,主要通过将动态飙升作为最佳控制问题。所述配置需要信天翁/模仿对象的准确动态系统建模,准确的风轮廓模型以及目标函数的定义数学公式,旨在保护能量并最大程度地减少其耗散。但是,信天翁的实验观察结果表明它们有能力实时进行动态飙升。实际上,动态飙升的功能建模和控制框架,允许对信天翁的有意义的生物模拟,需要自主,实时,稳定且能够容忍风谱的数学表达和目标函数的数学表达,并且与鸟相似。这种建模和控制框架的资格是所谓的极值寻求系统的相同特征。在本文中,我们提出了一个极值寻求动态飞涨问题的建模和控制框架。我们提供并讨论引入框架的问题设置,设计和稳定性。我们的结果得到了模拟的支持和与文献的最佳控制方法的比较,提供了一个概念证明,即动态飞涨现象可以自然地表达超级寻求。因此,动态飙升有可能自主和实时执行,并保证稳定性。

The albatross optimized flight maneuver -- known as dynamic soaring -- is nothing but a wonder of biology, physics, and engineering. By utilizing dynamic soaring, the bird can travel in the desired flight direction almost for free by harvesting energy from the wind. Dynamic soaring biological inspiration has triggered a momentous interest among many communities of science and engineering. Studying, modeling, and simulating dynamic soaring have been conducted in literature by mostly configuring dynamic soaring as an optimal control problem. Said configuration requires accurate dynamic system modeling of the albatross/mimicking-object, accurate wind profile models, and a defined mathematical formula of an objective function that aims at conserving energy and minimizing its dissipation. However, the experimental observations of albatrosses indicate their ability to conduct dynamic soaring in real time. Indeed, a functioning modeling and control framework for dynamic soaring that allows for a meaningful bio-mimicry of the albatross needs to be autonomous, real-time, stable, and capable of tolerating the absence of mathematical expressions of the wind profiles and the objective function, hypothetically similar to what the bird does. The qualifications of such modeling and control framework are the very same characteristics of the so-called extremum seeking systems. In this paper, we propose an extremum seeking modeling and control framework for the dynamic soaring problem. We provide and discuss the problem setup, design, and stability of the introduced framework. Our results, supported by simulations and comparison with optimal control methods of the literature, provide a proof of concept that the dynamic soaring phenomenon can be a natural expression of extremum seeking. Hence, dynamic soaring has the potential to be performed autonomously and in real-time with stability guarantees.

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