论文标题
中国城市废水处理的增加和发散的温室气体排放
Increasing and Diverging Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Urban Wastewater Treatment in China
论文作者
论文摘要
升级废水处理厂（WWTPS）和修复下水道系统的废水标准导致水污染控制与缓解气候变化之间的矛盾和协同作用。这会影响中国WWTP的温室气体（GHG）排放的历史轨迹和特征，这些轨迹的研究不足。在这里，我们使用植物级WWTP操作数据来建立中国WWTP的排放清单。我们发现，在2009 - 2019年期间，去除的化学氧需求量和氨的氮含量增加了0.8和1.3倍，而WWTP GHG排放量增加了1.8倍，是国家温室气排放增长率的6倍。由于严格的废水标准和较低的进水污染物浓度，污泥产量的增加和电力强度在2015年成为主要驱动因素。我们定义了功能单位基因系数来量化WWTP温室气体排放的差异，该系数从2009年的0.20增长到2019年的0.29。多样化的污泥处理方法和能量结构增加了不平等，而升级流出标准则减少了它。
Upgrading effluent standards of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and repairing sewerage systems leads to contradictions and synergies between water pollution control and climate change mitigation. This affects historical trajectories and characteristics of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from China's WWTPs, which stay inadequately studied. Here we establish emissions inventories of China's WWTPs using plant-level WWTP operational data. We find that removed amount of chemical oxygen demand and ammonia nitrogen increased 0.8 and 1.3 times during 2009-2019, while WWTP GHG emissions increased 1.8 times, being 6 times national GHG emissions growth rate. Increasing sludge yield and electricity intensity became primary driving factors in 2015 because of stricter effluent standards and lower influent contaminant concentration. We defined Functional Unit-Gini coefficient to quantify divergence of WWTP GHG emissions, which grew from 0.20 in 2009 to 0.29 in 2019. Diversified sludge disposal methods and energy structure increased the inequality, while upgrading effluent standards decreased it.
