论文标题
激子物理学中电磁量子波动的签名
Signature of electromagnetic quantum fluctuations in exciton physics
论文作者
论文摘要
已知电磁场的量子波动会产生原子羊肉移位。在这里，我们在半导体物理学中揭示了它们的标志性签名，它们通过它们产生的蓝换式签名，从而将这些激子的能量提升到它们的深色对应物上。这里的电磁场的充分复杂性：除了纵向部分，通过带Interbant \ textit {虚拟库仑}过程，横向部分 - 到目前为止已经错过了 - 还通过谐振和非谐振\ textit \ textit \ textit {virtual photons}起作用。这两个部分完美地结合在一起，产生了独立于激子矢量方向的明亮的激子蓝班。我们的工作很容易导致一个惊人的预测：长寿的激子必须具有小的明亮黑暗分裂。尽管激子和氢原子之间的类比可能会使我们将明亮的激子移动视为羔羊的偏移，但这并不是完全如此：原子移位完全来自虚拟光子，而库仑相互作用也有助于通过所谓的“电子孔交换”的激子移动。
Quantum fluctuations of the electromagnetic field are known to produce the atomic Lamb shift. We here reveal their iconic signature in semiconductor physics, through the blue-shift they produce to optically bright excitons, thus lifting the energy of these excitons above their dark counterparts. The electromagnetic field here acts in its full complexity: in addition to the longitudinal part via interband \textit{virtual Coulomb} processes, the transverse part -- which has been missed up to now -- also acts via resonant and nonresonant \textit{virtual photons}. These two parts beautifully combine to produce a bright exciton blue-shift independent of the exciton wave-vector direction. Our work readily leads to a striking prediction: long-lived excitons must have a small bright-dark splitting. Although the analogy between exciton and hydrogen atom could lead us to see the bright exciton shift as a Lamb shift, this is not fully so: the atom shift entirely comes from virtual photons, whereas the Coulomb interaction also contributes to the exciton shift through the so-called "electron-hole exchange".
