论文标题
五分之四的规则不是不同的影响：算法公平的认知侵入的悲惨故事
The four-fifths rule is not disparate impact: a woeful tale of epistemic trespassing in algorithmic fairness
论文作者
论文摘要
对计算机科学家进行了培训，可以创建简化和普遍化的抽象。但是，省略至关重要的上下文细节的过早抽象会通过错误地断言其相关性，从而造成认知侵入的风险。我们研究负责人AI领域是如何通过将四分之一规则（又称4/5规则或80％规则）提取到不同影响歧视定律的一部分来创建不完美的Synecdoche的。该度量标准错误地引入了最初的4/5规则中缺少的新的义务差异和新的道德危害潜力。我们还调查了该领域如何在将4/5规则编码为流行的AI公平软件工具包中的损害的潜力。法律细微差别的有害擦除是计算机科学家自我批判地重新评估其创建和使用的抽象，尤其是在AI伦理学的跨学科领域的唤醒呼吁。
Computer scientists are trained to create abstractions that simplify and generalize. However, a premature abstraction that omits crucial contextual details creates the risk of epistemic trespassing, by falsely asserting its relevance into other contexts. We study how the field of responsible AI has created an imperfect synecdoche by abstracting the four-fifths rule (a.k.a. the 4/5 rule or 80% rule), a single part of disparate impact discrimination law, into the disparate impact metric. This metric incorrectly introduces a new deontic nuance and new potentials for ethical harms that were absent in the original 4/5 rule. We also survey how the field has amplified the potential for harm in codifying the 4/5 rule into popular AI fairness software toolkits. The harmful erasure of legal nuances is a wake-up call for computer scientists to self-critically re-evaluate the abstractions they create and use, particularly in the interdisciplinary field of AI ethics.
