论文标题
超临界磁场和亚临界电场中的真空双折射
Vacuum Birefringence in a Supercritical Magnetic Field and a Subcritical Electric Field
论文作者
论文摘要
最新的亚临界场的超明显激光器以及对超临界场的高度磁化中子星对X射线极化的拟议观察，引起了人们对真空双折射的注意，这是非线性电动力学的独特特征。我们提出了真空双折射的表述，该表现融合了添加到极强磁场中的较弱电场的影响。为此，我们首先通过使用一环有效拉格朗日的显式公式用于任意强的磁场，从而为一环有效拉格朗日提供了一个封闭的分析表达。然后，我们采用表达来得出真空的极化和磁化，从中获得了弱探针场的介电常数和渗透率。最后，我们找到了平行磁场和电场的折射率和相关的极化向量。提出的公式预测，沿磁场的电场会降低双折射并旋转极化向量。应考虑磁化中子星的X射线的准确极化法，这将被考虑，这将证明强场量子电动力学（QED）的基本方面并探索天体物理体的极端田地。
Recent ultra-intense lasers of subcritical fields and proposed observations of the x-rays polarization from highly magnetized neutron stars of supercritical fields have attracted attention to vacuum birefringence, a unique feature of nonlinear electrodynamics. We propose a formulation of vacuum birefringence that incorporates the effects of the weaker electric field added to the extremely strong magnetic field. To do so, we first derive a closed analytical expression for the one-loop effective Lagrangian for the combined magnetic and electric fields by using an explicit formula of the one-loop effective Lagrangian for an arbitrarily strong magnetic field. We then employ the expression to derive the polarization and magnetization of the vacuum, from which the permittivity and permeability for weak probe fields are obtained. Finally, we find the refractive indices and the associated polarization vectors for the case of parallel magnetic and electric fields. The proposed formulation predicts that an electric field along the magnetic field reduces the birefringence and rotates the polarization vectors. Such effects should be taken into account for accurate polarimetry of the x-rays from magnetized neutron stars, which will prove the fundamental aspect of the strong field quantum electrodynamics (QED) and explore the extreme fields of astrophysical bodies.
