论文标题
量子限制对自发排放寿命的分辨率和歧视
Quantum limits to resolution and discrimination of spontaneous emission lifetimes
论文作者
论文摘要
在这项工作中，我们研究了量子信息理论限制，以针对与寿命估计和歧视两级自发光学发射器有关的几个任务。我们特别关注模型问题，即通过高度重叠的时间概率概况解决两个相互不一致的指数衰减。反映了量子发射器的量子启发的超级分辨率的最新工作，我们发现，当两个衰减通道的时间常数彼此接近时，直接的终身测量值遭受了“瑞利诅咒”的类似物。我们提出的替代测量方案可以规避此限制，并且还表现出了与直接测量相关二元假设检验的优越性。我们的发现增加了越来越多的示例列表，在这些示例中，量子分析发现了不依赖多光子干扰的光 - 分子计量学中某些任务的重要信息收益，但显然确实受益于对单光子的相干性能的更彻底的利用。
In this work we investigate the quantum information theoretical limits to several tasks related to lifetime estimation and discrimination of a two-level spontaneous optical emitter. We focus in particular on the model problem of resolving two mutually incoherent exponential decays with highly overlapping temporal probability profiles. Mirroring recent work on quantum-inspired super-resolution of point emitters, we find that direct lifetime measurement suffers from an analogue of "Rayleigh's Curse" when the time constants of the two decay channels approach one another. We propose alternative measurement schemes that circumvent this limit, and also demonstrate superiority to direct measurement for a related binary hypothesis test. Our findings add to a growing list of examples in which a quantum analysis uncovers significant information gains for certain tasks in opto-molecular metrology that do not rely on multiphoton interference, but evidently do benefit from a more thorough exploitation of the coherence properties of single photons.
