论文标题
使用亚周期分辨X射线光波混合的固体中激光驱动电子动力学的原子级成像
Atomic-scale imaging of laser-driven electron dynamics in solids using subcycle-resolved x-ray-optical wave mixing
论文作者
论文摘要
我们研究了原子量表和Floquet形式主义内的固体中的激光驱动的电子动力学，并开发了一种基于亚周期分辨X射线光波混合的方法，以重建这些动力学。我们分析了时间逆转和反转对称性如何影响光学诱导的电荷分布和微观电子电流的性质。显示了$μ$ $ $ th级微观光学响应的几个示例，并在有相当多或消失的$ $ $ $ $ th级宏观响应时进行了比较。然后，我们分析了亚周期分辨X射线光波混合的晶体对称性的结果，该过程比驱动脉冲的光学循环短的X射线脉冲短于激光脉冲的晶体相互作用。基于此分析，我们开发了一种方法来重建来自动量和X射线 - 光波器混合光谱的光学诱导电荷分布的傅立叶组件的振幅和阶段。亚周期分辨的X射线光波混合还揭示了微观光学响应的时间振荡和微观激光驱动电子电流的某些特性。
We investigate laser-driven electron dynamics in solids on the atomic scale and in real space within Floquet formalism, and develop a method based on subcycle-resolved x-ray-optical wave mixing to reconstruct those dynamics. We analyze how time-reversal and inversion symmetries influence properties of optically-induced charge distributions and microscopic electron currents. Several examples for the $μ$th-order microscopic optical response of band-gap crystals are shown and compared for cases when there is either a considerable or a vanishing $μ$th-order macroscopic response. We then analyze the consequence of crystal symmetries on subcycle-resolved x-ray-optical wave mixing, a process in which an x-ray pulse of a duration shorter than the optical cycle of the driving pulse interacts with a laser-dressed crystal. Based on this analysis, we develop a method to reconstruct amplitudes and phases of Fourier components of optically-induced charge distributions from momentum and delay dependence of x-ray-optical wave-mixing spectra. Subcycle-resolved x-ray-optical wave mixing also reveals phases of temporal oscillations of microscopic optical response and some properties of microscopic laser-driven electron currents.
