论文标题
统一的箍猜想不存在的进一步证据
Further evidence for the non-existence of a unified hoop conjecture
论文作者
论文摘要
索恩(Thorne)在大约五十年前引入的箍猜想断言,黑洞的特征是质量到圆的关系$4π{\ cal m}/{\ cal c} \ geq1 $,而紧凑的对象则以相反的对象为$4π{\ cal m}/cal cal { c} $是最小的环的圆周,可以吞噬所有方位角的自我磨碎的紧凑对象)。最近已经证明,这种猜想在空间规则带电的紧凑型物体的无水平上有效的必要条件是,将质量$ {\ cal m} $解释为被吞噬的质量所包含的质量(而不是不可能测量的总ADM质量)。在本文中,我们提出了以下有趣的问题:是否有可能制定统一版本的箍猜想,该版本对黑洞和地平线无效物体都是有效的吗?为了解决这个重要的问题,我们分析了Kerr-Newman黑洞的质量与临时比的行为。我们明确地证明,如果在箍关系中的质量$ {\ cal m} $解释为被黑孔地平线内包含的准核Einstein-landau-listau-lifshitz-lifshitz-lifshitz-lifshitz-papapetou和weinberg弥撒,那么这些带电的黑洞和旋转的黑洞的特征是亚物质质量/周围的质量/旋转率。 C} <1 $。我们的结果提供了统一版本的Hoop猜想的不存在的证据,这对于黑洞的空间和空间规则的无水平紧凑型物体都是有效的。
The hoop conjecture, introduced by Thorne almost five decades ago, asserts that black holes are characterized by the mass-to-circumference relation $4π{\cal M}/{\cal C}\geq1$, whereas horizonless compact objects are characterized by the opposite inequality $4π{\cal M}/{\cal C}<1$ (here ${\cal C}$ is the circumference of the smallest ring that can engulf the self-gravitating compact object in all azimuthal directions). It has recently been proved that a necessary condition for the validity of this conjecture in horizonless spacetimes of spatially regular charged compact objects is that the mass ${\cal M}$ be interpreted as the mass contained within the engulfing sphere (and not as the asymptotically measured total ADM mass). In the present paper we raise the following physically intriguing question: Is it possible to formulate a unified version of the hoop conjecture which is valid for both black holes and horizonless compact objects? In order to address this important question, we analyze the behavior of the mass-to-circumference ratio of Kerr-Newman black holes. We explicitly prove that if the mass ${\cal M}$ in the hoop relation is interpreted as the quasilocal Einstein-Landau-Lifshitz-Papapetrou and Weinberg mass contained within the black-hole horizon, then these charged and spinning black holes are characterized by the sub-critical mass-to-circumference ratio $4π{\cal M}/{\cal C}<1$. Our results provide evidence for the non-existence of a unified version of the hoop conjecture which is valid for both black-hole spacetimes and spatially regular horizonless compact objects.