论文标题
使用动态贝叶斯网络对完全量子波动定理的实验验证
Experimental Validation of Fully Quantum Fluctuation Theorems Using Dynamic Bayesian Networks
论文作者
论文摘要
波动定理是小型系统热力学第二定律的基本扩展。它们的一般有效性远离平衡使它们在非平衡物理学中无价。到目前为止，量子波动关系的实验研究还没有说明量子相关性和量子相干性，这是两个基本的量子特性。在这里，我们在核磁共振设置中使用两个量子相关的热旋转1/2验证了热交换的详细和积分全量子波动定理，以进行热交换。我们尤其确认了量子相关性和量子相干性以及所有量子贡献之和的单个积分波动关系。这些第二定律的精致表述对于研究非平衡热力学中的完全量子特征很重要。
Fluctuation theorems are fundamental extensions of the second law of thermodynamics for small systems. Their general validity arbitrarily far from equilibrium makes them invaluable in nonequilibrium physics. So far, experimental studies of quantum fluctuation relations do not account for quantum correlations and quantum coherence, two essential quantum properties. We here experimentally verify detailed and integral fully quantum fluctuation theorems for heat exchange using two quantum-correlated thermal spins-1/2 in a nuclear magnetic resonance setup. We confirm, in particular, individual integral fluctuation relations for quantum correlations and quantum coherence, as well as for the sum of all quantum contributions. These refined formulations of the second law are important for the investigation of fully quantum features in nonequilibrium thermodynamics.
