论文标题
浮标：海上物联网实施
Internet of Buoys: An Internet of Things Implementation at Sea
论文作者
论文摘要
物联网（物联网）应用程序在许多不同领域（包括海上环境）正在出现。该地区的应用之一是对海上浮标的监测。要实现浮标的无线跟踪，必须准确预测开放环境中的路径损失。到目前为止，海上的通道测量主要是在天线上进行的，其位于海面以上几米的天线，该天线比浮标本身高。因此，我们使用路径损失测量值使用洛拉链路，其发射机天线高度为0.35 m，基本站天线高度为2.65 m和5.2 m。我们的结果表明，在这些天线高度下，圆形损失模型不准确。 Ullington的ITU-R P.2001-3模型和模型与我们的测量结果更好。但是，我们的两个测量活动之间的差异表明，需要对路径损失对海地的依赖性进行更多的调查。此外，还探索了Sigfox，狭窄的物联网（NB-iot）以及海上的事物网络的可用性。我们发现，在低天线高度下，NB-IOT和SIGFOX可用于测试区域的物联网应用。
Internet of Things (IoT) applications are emerging in many different areas, including maritime environments. One of the applications in this area is the monitoring of buoys at sea. To realize wireless tracking of buoys, an accurate prediction of the path loss in an open-sea environment is essential. So far, channel measurements at sea have mainly been conducted with antennas placed a couple of meters above the sea surface, which is higher than the buoys themselves. Therefore, we investigated the validity of the published channel models at sea by means of path loss measurements using a LoRa link with a transmitter antenna height of 0.35 m and a base station antenna height of 2.65 m and 5.2 m. Our results show that the round earth loss model is not accurate at these antenna heights. The ITU-R P.2001-3 model and a model by Bullington show a better agreement with our measurements. However, the difference between our two measurement campaigns shows that more investigation is needed on the dependence of the path loss on the sea state. Additionally, the availability of Sigfox, Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT), and The Things Network at sea has been explored. We found that NB-IoT and Sigfox can be used for IoT applications in the tested area at low antenna heights.
