论文标题
公共交通的分散数字令牌体系结构
A Decentralised Digital Token Architecture for Public Transport
论文作者
论文摘要
数字化通常被认为对用户有益。传统上,人们实际上必须识别服务,以现金付款或进入图书馆访问书籍,但人们现在可以通过单击按钮来实现这一切。此类操作似乎在功能上与其模拟对应物相同,但是在数字案例中,用户的操作会自动记录。用户互动的记录提出了一个问题,因为一旦收集信息,它就不在其关注的人的控制之外。仅通过基于上述服务的身份验证机制的集中化而加剧了这个问题,从而允许对更多数据进行汇总和分析。这项工作旨在激发需求并确定将隐私增强的数字令牌管理服务应用于公共交通的可行性。开发了概念验证实施,这是基于古德尔和ASTE提出的设计。该实施是针对公共交通用例进行了优化的。它的性能在当地环境中进行了测试,以更好地了解技术挑战并评估生产环境中系统的技术可行性。据观察,对于每秒一到五个请求的负载,概念证明的执行量与其他非接触式支付系统相当,最大响应时间小于两秒钟。由于硬件瓶颈,我们的测试环境中可靠的吞吐量限制为每秒五个请求。所证明的吞吐量和延迟表明该系统可以与当前使用的解决方案竞争。但是,需要进一步的工作来证明其在与生产经历相似的环境中的性能特征。
Digitisation is often viewed as beneficial to a user. Whereas traditionally, people would physically have to identify to a service, pay for a ticket in cash, or go into a library to access a book, people can now achieve all of this through a click of a button. Such actions may seem functionally identical to their analogue counterparts, but in the digital case, a user's actions are automatically recorded. The recording of user's interactions presents a problem because once the information is collected, it is outside of the control of the person whom it concerns. This issue is only exacerbated by the centralisation of the authentication mechanisms underpinning the aforementioned services, permitting the aggregation and analysis of even more data. This work aims to motivate the need and establish the feasibility of the application of a privacy-enhancing digital token management service to public transit. A proof-of-concept implementation is developed, building upon a design proposed by Goodell and Aste. This implementation was optimised for the public transport use case. Its performance is tested in a local environment to better understand the technical challenges and assess the technical feasibility of the system in a production setting. It was observed that for loads between one and five requests per second the proof-of-concept performs comparably to other contactless payment systems, with a maximum median response time less than two seconds. Due to hardware bottlenecks, reliable throughput in our test environment was limited to five requests per second. The demonstrated throughput and latency indicate that the system can feasibly compete with solutions currently in use. Yet, further work is needed to demonstrate their performance characteristics in an environment similar to that experienced in production.