论文标题
活性银核中的质量间隙合并
Mass-gap Mergers in Active Galactic Nuclei
论文作者
论文摘要
最近发现的重力波源GW190521和GW190814显示了与质量和旋转的BH合并的证据,这些合并可能超出孤立的恒星进化所期望的范围。这些合并对象可能已经进行了以前的合并。预计这种层次合并是在活性银河核(AGN)磁盘中频繁的,其中二进制形成并通过动力学相互作用和气态耗散而有效地形成并有效地进化。在这里,我们将这些观察到的事件的属性与AGN磁盘中合并的理论模型进行了比较,AGN磁盘的理论模型是通过执行一维$ n $ body模拟与半分析处方相结合的。 GW190521中的高BH质量与高代(High-g)BHS的合并一致,在该合并中,如果原始祖细胞为金属罚款,则最初的祖细胞恒星具有高金属性,或者是1G BHS,或1G BHS通过超级埃德丁顿(Super-Eddington)增益而获得的1G BHS。 GW190521中与自旋参数有关的其他测量属性也与AGN磁盘中的合并一致。此外,在GW190814和GW190412中发现的较低质量差距或低质量比的合并也由2G-1G或1G-1G物体的合并在AGN磁盘中具有显着积聚的合并。最后,由于气体积聚,可以在AGN磁盘中产生GW190425中报道的大量中子恒星合并。
The recently discovered gravitational wave sources GW190521 and GW190814 have shown evidence of BH mergers with masses and spins that could be outside of the range expected from isolated stellar evolution. These merging objects could have undergone previous mergers. Such hierarchical mergers are predicted to be frequent in active galactic nuclei (AGN) disks, where binaries form and evolve efficiently by dynamical interactions and gaseous dissipation. Here we compare the properties of these observed events to the theoretical models of mergers in AGN disks, which are obtained by performing one-dimensional $N$-body simulations combined with semi-analytical prescriptions. The high BH masses in GW190521 are consistent with mergers of high-generation (high-g) BHs where the initial progenitor stars had high metallicity, 2g BHs if the original progenitors were metal-poor, or 1g BHs that had gained mass via super-Eddington accretion. Other measured properties related to spin parameters in GW190521 are also consistent with mergers in AGN disks. Furthermore, mergers in the lower mass gap or those with low mass ratio as found in GW190814 and GW190412 are also reproduced by mergers of 2g-1g or 1g-1g objects with significant accretion in AGN disks. Finally, due to gas accretion, the massive neutron star merger reported in GW190425 can be produced in an AGN disk.