论文标题

用Meerkat嗨,强度映射:前景对前景清洁的影响

Hi intensity mapping with MeerKAT: Primary beam effects on foreground cleaning

论文作者

Matshawule, Siyambonga D., Spinelli, Marta, Santos, Mario G., Ngobese, Sibonelo

论文摘要

即将到来和未来的中性氢强度映射调查提供了一个很好的机会来限制重新电源后宇宙中宇宙学的限制,前提是在强的前景与宇宙学信号之间的分离中可以实现良好的精度。清洁方法依赖于前景的频率平滑度,并且通常在简单的高斯主梁的假设下应用。在这项工作中,我们在存在具有非琐碎频率依赖性的现实主要光束模型的情况下测试清洁。我们专注于平方公里阵列前体Meerkat望远镜,并模拟单次大型调查。我们考虑主要的前景组件,包括准确的全天点源目录。我们发现,横梁旁边和前景结构之间的耦合会使清洁变得复杂。但是,当光束频率依赖性平滑时,我们表明清洁仅在远距离出现的情况下出现大的情况下才有问题。即使在这种情况下,如果去除最强的点源并且清洁更具侵略性,则可以进行适当的重建。然后,我们考虑一种非平凡的频率依赖性:在Meerkat束中存在的梁宽度中的正弦类型特征,并且在包括SKA1-MID在内的大多数菜肴中都可以预期。这样的特征与前景发射结合,偏向跨频率的信号的重建,可能会影响宇宙学分析。有趣的是,即使不包括点源并且光束是高斯,这种污染也存在于较低的层次上,表明即使在主叶中,这种频率波动也可能是有问题的。我们表明,这种效果被限制在$ k_ \并行$空间中的狭窄区域,如果将地图仔细地平滑至常见的较低分辨率,则可以减少。

Upcoming and future neutral hydrogen Intensity Mapping surveys offer a great opportunity to constrain cosmology in the post-reionization Universe, provided a good accuracy is achieved in the separation between the strong foregrounds and the cosmological signal. Cleaning methods rely on the frequency smoothness of the foregrounds and are often applied under the assumption of a simplistic Gaussian primary beam. In this work, we test the cleaning in the presence of a realistic primary beam model with a non trivial frequency dependence. We focus on the Square Kilometre Array precursor MeerKAT telescope and simulate a single-dish wide area survey. We consider the main foreground components, including an accurate full sky point source catalogue. We find that the coupling between beam sidelobes and the foreground structure can complicate the cleaning. However, when the beam frequency dependence is smooth, we show that the cleaning is only problematic if the far sidelobes are unexpectedly large. Even in that case, a proper reconstruction is possible if the strongest point sources are removed and the cleaning is more aggressive. We then consider a non-trivial frequency dependence: a sinusoidal type feature in the beam width that is present in the MeerKAT beam and is expected in most dishes, including SKA1-MID. Such a feature, coupling with the foreground emission, biases the reconstruction of the signal across frequency, potentially impacting the cosmological analysis. Interestingly, such contamination is present at a lower level even when no point sources are included and the beam is Gaussian, showing that this frequency ripple can be problematic even within the main lobe. We show that this effect is constrained to a narrow region in $k_\parallel$ space and can be reduced if the maps are carefully re-smoothed to a common lower resolution.

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