论文标题
在两色磁磁陷阱中进行单原子计数
Single atom counting in a two-color magneto-optical trap
论文作者
论文摘要
记录磁光陷阱（MOT）的荧光是用于测量超电原子实验中原子数的标准工具。当将几个原子捕获在小MOT中时，发射的荧光随离散步骤中的原子数增加而增加，这允许通过单粒子分辨率测量原子数。实现这种单个粒子分辨率需要严格最小化MOT光束的流量光，这在需要接近原子的空中组件的实验设置中很难实现。在这里，我们提出了一个修改后的方案，该方案解决了这个问题：我们没有在MOT（D2）过渡上收集荧光，而是在附加的探测器（D1）过渡上分散了光，并在过滤强烈的MOT光的同时，用高分辨率显微镜收集了这种荧光。使用此方案，我们能够可靠地区分多达17 $^{40} $ k原子，平均分类保真度为95 \％。
Recording the fluorescence of a magneto-optical trap (MOT) is a standard tool for measuring atom numbers in experiments with ultracold atoms. When trapping few atoms in a small MOT, the emitted fluorescence increases with the atom number in discrete steps, which allows to measure the atom number with single-particle resolution. Achieving such single particle resolution requires stringent minimization of stray light from the MOT beams, which is very difficult to achieve in experimental setups that require in-vacuum components close to the atoms. Here, we present a modified scheme that addresses this issue: Instead of collecting the fluorescence on the MOT (D2) transition, we scatter light on an additional probing (D1) transition and collect this fluorescence with a high-resolution microscope while filtering out the intense MOT light. Using this scheme, we are able to reliably distinguish up to 17 $^{40}$K atoms with an average classification fidelity of 95 \%.
