论文标题
银河系伽马射线爆发对海洋浮游生物的影响
Influence of a Galactic Gamma-Ray Burst on Ocean Plankton
论文作者
论文摘要
在地质记录中很明显的假说，一种或多种生物多样性降低了，可能是由于迄今为止迄今已知的最强大的恒星爆炸（GRB）引起的，在几项作品中已经讨论过。这些恒星爆炸可能在地球和其他可居住行星的生物进化中留下了烙印。在这项工作中，我们计算了GRB将在地球上生产者中产生的短期致死性。这种对生命的影响似乎是因为紫外线（紫外线）在一小部分伽玛能量的大气中重新传播，从而产生了强烈的紫外线闪光，能够在海洋的水柱中渗透数十米。我们专注于紫外线对浮游植物的作用，因为它们是全球水生生产率的主要因素。我们的结果表明，紫外线可能会导致世界海洋上层混合层中浮游植物生物量的显着减少。
The hypothesis that one or more biodiversity drops in the Phanerozoic eon, evident in the geological record, might have been caused by the most powerful kind of stellar explosion so far known Gamma Ray Bursts (GRB) has been discussed in several works. These stellar explosions could have left an imprint in the biological evolution on Earth and in other habitable planets. In this work we calculate the short-term lethality that a GRB would produce in the aquatic primary producers on Earth. This effect on life appears because of ultraviolet (UV) retransmission in the atmosphere of a fraction of the gamma energy, resulting in an intense UV flash capable of penetrating tens of meters in the water column in the ocean. We focus on the action of the UV flash on phytoplankton, as they are the main contributors to global aquatic primary productivity. Our results suggest that the UV flash could cause a significant reduction of phytoplankton biomass in the upper mixed layer of the World Ocean.
