论文标题
电磁脑活动的现实头部建模:从MRI数据到FEM解决方案的集成头脑风暴管道
Realistic head modeling of electromagnetic brain activity: An integrated Brainstorm pipeline from MRI data to the FEM solution
论文作者
论文摘要
人脑活动会产生头皮电位(脑电图EEG),颅内电位(IEEG)和外部磁场(磁脑电图MEG),所有这些都能够同时记录在研究和临床应用中的记录。所谓的前进问题是为给定推定的神经源配置在传感器处对这些字段的建模。尽管早期将头部建模为简单的各向同性球体,但如今,无处不在的磁共振成像(MRI)数据允许详细描述具有指定的各向同性和各向异性电导率的头隔室。在本文中,我们提出了一条完整的管道,该管道集成到头脑风暴软件中,该管道允许用户从MRI生成单个和准确的头部模型,然后使用有限元方法(FEM)计算电磁向前解决方案。主模型的生成是通过将MRI分割和FEM网格生成的最新工具集成来执行的。最终的头模型分为五个主要隔间:白色物质,灰质,CSF,头骨和头皮。对于各向同性隔室,分配了广泛使用的默认电导率值。对于脑组织,我们使用有效培养基方法(EMA)的过程来估计从扩散加权成像(DWI)数据中的各向异性电导率张量。 FEM电磁计算由Duneuro库进行,并集成到头脑风暴中,并与用户友好的图形接口访问。该集成的管道在集思广益网站上免费提供了完整的教程和示例数据集,可让神经科学社区轻松访问使用FEM进行电磁建模的高级工具。
Human brain activity generates scalp potentials (electroencephalography EEG), intracranial potentials (iEEG), and external magnetic fields (magnetoencephalography MEG), all capable of being recorded, often simultaneously, for use in research and clinical applications. The so-called forward problem is the modeling of these fields at their sensors for a given putative neural source configuration. While early generations modeled the head as a simple set of isotropic spheres, today s ubiquitous magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data allows detailed descriptions of head compartments with assigned isotropic and anisotropic conductivities. In this paper, we present a complete pipeline, integrated into the Brainstorm software, that allows users to generate an individual and accurate head model from the MRI and then calculate the electromagnetic forward solution using the finite element method (FEM). The head model generation is performed by the integration of the latest tools for MRI segmentation and FEM mesh generation. The final head model is divided into five main compartments: white matter, grey matter, CSF, skull, and scalp. For the isotropic compartments, widely-used default conductivity values are assigned. For the brain tissues, we use the process of the effective medium approach (EMA) to estimate anisotropic conductivity tensors from diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) data. The FEM electromagnetic calculations are performed by the DUNEuro library, integrated into Brainstorm and accessible with a user-friendly graphical interface. This integrated pipeline, with full tutorials and example data sets freely available on the Brainstorm website, gives the neuroscience community easy access to advanced tools for electromagnetic modeling using FEM.