论文标题
在Ligo A+，Rubin天文台及以后
A Program for Multi-Messenger Standard Siren Cosmology in the Era of LIGO A+, Rubin Observatory, and Beyond
论文作者
论文摘要
标准警笛技术的最有希望的变化结合了二进制中子星（BNS）合并的重力波（GW）数据，其电磁（EM）对应物启用了红移测量，以限制宇宙学参数，例如$ h_0 $ h_0 $，$ ph_0 $，$ ph_m $ $ $ $ w_0 $。在这里，我们评估了未来GW观测值时代多通电工宇宙学的近期和长期前景：高级Ligo Plus（A+，2025），类似Voyager的探测器（2030S）和类似宇宙Explorer的探测器（CE，CE，2035及以后）。我们表明，对于A+的BNS视野距离约为700 $ MPC，与Vera C. Rubin天文台（VRO）的灵敏度相匹配。我们发现，鉴于专门针对企业的GW目标GW随访的少量投资，一年的A+和VRO观察结果将限制$ H_0 $的价值。在Voyager时代，BNS-Kilonova的观测开始限制$ω_m$，投资占VRO时间的百分之几。在宇宙探险家时代的BNS距离较大的情况下，轴上短伽玛射线爆发（SGRB）及其余星（尽管仅伴随一些GW检测的合并）取代了Kilonovae，这是红shift识别的最有希望的对应物。我们表明，与宇宙探险家般的设施进行了五年的联合观察，以及具有与当前使用Swift相似的本地化功能的下一代伽马射线卫星，可能会限制$ω_m$ $ $ $ $ w_0 $至$ 15-20 \％。因此，我们主张使用VRO进行强大的目标（也是）计划，以及在2030年代具有提高灵敏度的宽场伽马射线卫星，以启用具有下一代重力波动设施的标准Siren Cosmology。
The most promising variation of the standard siren technique combines gravitational-wave (GW) data for binary neutron star (BNS) mergers with redshift measurements enabled by their electromagnetic (EM) counterparts, to constrain cosmological parameters such as $H_0$, $Ω_m$, and $w_0$. Here we evaluate the near- and long-term prospects of multi-messenger cosmology in the era of future GW observatories: Advanced LIGO Plus (A+, 2025), Voyager-like detectors (2030s), and Cosmic Explorer-like detectors (CE, 2035 and beyond). We show that the BNS horizon distance of $\approx 700$ Mpc for A+ is well-matched to the sensitivity of the Vera C. Rubin Observatory (VRO) for kilonova detections. We find that one year of joint A+ and VRO observations will constrain the value of $H_0$ to percent-level precision, given a small investment of VRO time dedicated to target-of-opportunity GW follow-up. In the Voyager era, the BNS-kilonova observations begin to constrain $Ω_m$ with an investment of a few percent of VRO time. With the larger BNS horizon distance in the Cosmic Explorer era, on-axis short gamma-ray bursts (SGRBs) and their afterglows (though accompanying only some of the GW-detected mergers) supplant kilonovae as the most promising counterparts for redshift identification. We show that five years of joint observations with Cosmic Explorer-like facilities and a next-generation gamma-ray satellite with localization capabilities similar to that presently possible with Swift could constrain both $Ω_m$ and $w_0$ to $15-20\%$. We therefore advocate for a robust target-of-opportunity (ToO) program with VRO, and a wide-field gamma-ray satellite with improved sensitivity in the 2030s, to enable standard siren cosmology with next-generation gravitational wave facilities.
