论文标题
软混合航空车辆通过可靠的机制
Soft Hybrid Aerial Vehicle via Bistable Mechanism
论文作者
论文摘要
在各种任务中,无人驾驶飞机已成功证明,包括在大型地区进行测量和采样任务。这些车辆可以采取多种形式。二次敏捷性和悬停的能力使它们非常适合在潜在的狭窄空间中航行,而固定机翼飞机能够在长距离上有效飞行。混合飞机(HAV)试图通过表现出多种模式来实现这两种好处;但是,变形通常需要额外的执行器,以增加质量,从而降低敏捷性和效率。我们提出了带有折叠机翼的变形HAV,该翅膀既表现出四肢旋转,又有固定机翼模式,而无需任何额外的驱动。这是通过利用飞机中心的双态机制的运动来实现的,仅使用现有电动机和系统的惯性驱动机翼折叠。我们使用拓扑优化方法优化了双态机制和折叠翼。所得的机制是在3D打印机上制造的,并连接到现有的四型框架上。我们的原型在两种模式和实验之间成功过渡表明,制造的原型的行为与模拟的原型一致。
Unmanned aerial vehicles have been demonstrated successfully in a variety of tasks, including surveying and sampling tasks over large areas. These vehicles can take many forms. Quadrotors' agility and ability to hover makes them well suited for navigating potentially tight spaces, while fixed wing aircraft are capable of efficient flight over long distances. Hybrid aerial vehicles (HAVs) attempt to achieve both of these benefits by exhibiting multiple modes; however, morphing HAVs typically require extra actuators which add mass, reducing both agility and efficiency. We propose a morphing HAV with folding wings that exhibits both a quadrotor and a fixed wing mode without requiring any extra actuation. This is achieved by leveraging the motion of a bistable mechanism at the center of the aircraft to drive folding of the wing using only the existing motors and the inertia of the system. We optimize both the bistable mechanism and the folding wing using a topology optimization approach. The resulting mechanisms were fabricated on a 3D printer and attached to an existing quadrotor frame. Our prototype successfully transitions between both modes and our experiments demonstrate that the behavior of the fabricated prototype is consistent with that of the simulation.