论文标题
生命是否起源于宇宙的低温区域？
Did life originate from low-temperature areas of the Universe?
论文作者
论文摘要
在陨石和彗星板上传递到地球的生物分子被称为生命起源的可能原因之一。因此，我们对空间中生物分子形成的途径的理解应阐明存在可居住的外星球的可能性。在温度最低的空间区域中发现了大量的有机分子。建议在这些地区的有机物形成的不同途径。在本文中，我们证明，由于C原子与涵盖星际介质中存在的难治性粉尘晶粒的反应，可以形成与重要生物分子相同的复杂有机分子。 C原子具有四个价电子，充当胶水连接简单的非有机分子并将其转化为有机物。许多分子的形成是无障碍的，因此可能在低温下发生。无障碍反应C + NH3 + CO-> NH2CHCO引起了特别的兴趣。该反应的乘积是肽链的中央残基的异构体，预计将在半透明的分子云中有效形成。这些分子的聚合导致形成蛋白质，根据某些理论是生命的第一个分子。考虑到ISM中的高丰度原子碳，我们期望形成多种不同的有机分子的效率很高，并表明为什么可能低估了原子碳凝结形成的有机材料量。
The biological molecules delivered to Earth on the board of meteorites and comets were called one of the possible causes of the origin of life. Therefore, our understanding of the routes of formation of biomolecules in space should shed the light on the possibility of the existence of habitable extrasolar planets. The large abundance of organic molecules is found in the space regions with the lowest temperature. Different routes of the organics formation in these areas were suggested. In this article, we demonstrate that complex organic molecules same as important biological molecules can be formed due to the reaction of C atoms with the mantels of molecular ices covering refractory dust grains present in the interstellar medium (ISM). Having four valence electrons, C atoms act as glue joining simple non-organic molecules and converting them into organic matter. The formation of many molecules is barrierless and thus can happen at low temperature. The barrierless reaction C + NH3 + CO -> NH2CHCO attracts particular interest. The product of this reaction is an isomer of the central residue of a peptide chain and expected to be efficiently formed in the translucent molecular clouds. The polymerization of these molecules leads to the formation of proteins that according to some theories are life's first molecules. Considering a high abundance of atomic carbon in the ISM, we expect a high efficiency of the formation of a large variety of different organic molecules, and show why the amount of organic material formed by condensation of atomic carbon may be underestimated.
