论文标题
一个点云深学习框架,用于预测不规则几何的流体流场
A Point-Cloud Deep Learning Framework for Prediction of Fluid Flow Fields on Irregular Geometries
论文作者
论文摘要
当解决方案是域或域内对象的几何形状的函数时,我们为不规则域中的流场预测提供了一个新颖的深度学习框架。计算流体动力学(CFD)域中的网格顶点被视为点云,并基于点网架构将其用作对神经网络的输入,该架构学习了空间位置和CFD数量之间的端到端映射。使用我们的方法,(i)网络继承了非结构化网格的理想特征(例如,分别在对象表面附近和远场附近的细点间距和粗点间距),从而最大程度地减少了网络培训成本; (ii)对象几何通过位于对象边界上的顶点准确表示,该对象边界保持边界平滑度并允许网络检测几何形状之间的小变化; (iii)没有使用数据插值来创建培训数据;因此,保留了CFD数据的准确性。这些特征都无法通过现有方法基于投射散布的CFD数据,然后使用常规的卷积神经网络来实现。考虑了不可压缩的层层稳定流,经过具有各种形状的横截面的圆柱体。预测场的质量和动量是保守的。我们通过预测多个物体周围的流以及机翼的流量来测试我们的网络的普遍性,即使在训练过程中只有单个对象并且没有观察到翼型。该网络预测流场比我们的常规CFD求解器快数百倍,同时保持出色至合理的精度。
We present a novel deep learning framework for flow field predictions in irregular domains when the solution is a function of the geometry of either the domain or objects inside the domain. Grid vertices in a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) domain are viewed as point clouds and used as inputs to a neural network based on the PointNet architecture, which learns an end-to-end mapping between spatial positions and CFD quantities. Using our approach, (i) the network inherits desirable features of unstructured meshes (e.g., fine and coarse point spacing near the object surface and in the far field, respectively), which minimizes network training cost; (ii) object geometry is accurately represented through vertices located on object boundaries, which maintains boundary smoothness and allows the network to detect small changes between geometries; and (iii) no data interpolation is utilized for creating training data; thus accuracy of the CFD data is preserved. None of these features are achievable by extant methods based on projecting scattered CFD data into Cartesian grids and then using regular convolutional neural networks. Incompressible laminar steady flow past a cylinder with various shapes for its cross section is considered. The mass and momentum of predicted fields are conserved. We test the generalizability of our network by predicting the flow around multiple objects as well as an airfoil, even though only single objects and no airfoils are observed during training. The network predicts the flow fields hundreds of times faster than our conventional CFD solver, while maintaining excellent to reasonable accuracy.