论文标题

随着时间的流逝,整个欧洲城市的人造土地使用的变化:重新归化的径向视角

Change in Artificial Land Use over time across European Cities: A rescaled radial perspective

论文作者

Kilgarriff, Paul, Lemoy, Rémi, Caruso, Geoffrey

论文摘要

从卫星看,白天或晚上观察土地使用,大多数城市都有圆形形状,周围是一个市中心。为了了解欧洲最近的城市化变化及其与城市规模的关系,对人工土地使用增长进行了径向分析。我们专注于关于城市土地使用的最根本差异:它是为人类用途(例如居住或道路)进行的,还是自然的,或者至少是未开发的?使用来自欧盟Copernicus Urban Atlas的空间详细数据,可以计算人造土地利用(ALU)的概况,并在两年(2006年和2012年)之间进行了比较。根据Lemoy和Caruso(2018)发现的城市形式的同义(2018),简单的缩放定律用于比较在控制人口大小之后的城市结构。我们首先表明,在使用FUA的定义时,似乎可以使用一种gibrat的gibrat定律。但是,当我们内部检查城市时,这已经不再清楚,因为城市规模类别之间的平均差异。我们还利用地区和地形研究了进一步的城市分组,以表明欧洲城市的人工土地利用增长不是均匀的。相对于城市的可持续性,我们的发现具有重要的含义,因为这些证据表明,在各种规模的城市中,城市中心的城市蔓延和停滞的增长。它还对蔓延的性质及其与城市规模的扩展具有理论意义。

Seen from a satellite, observing land use in the daytime or at night, most cities have circular shapes, organised around a city centre. A radial analysis of artificial land use growth is conducted in order to understand what the recent changes in urbanisation are across Europe and how it relates to city size. We focus on the most fundamental differentiation regarding urban land use: has it been artificialised for human uses (residence or roads for instance) or is it natural, or at least undeveloped? Using spatially detailed data from the EU Copernicus Urban Atlas, profiles of artificial land use (ALU) are calculated and compared between two years, 2006 and 2012. Based on the homothety of urban forms found by Lemoy and Caruso (2018), a simple scaling law is used to compare the internal structure of cities after controlling for population size. We firstly show that when using the FUA definition of cities, a kind of Gibrat's law for land use appears to hold. However, when we examine cities internally, this is no longer clear as there are differences on average between city size categories. We also look at further city groupings using regions and topography to show that artificial land use growth across European cities is not homogeneous. Our findings have important implications relative to the sustainability of cities as this evidence is pointing towards increasing urban sprawl and stagnant growth in urban centres across cities of all sizes. It also has theoretical implications on the nature of sprawl and its scaling with city size.

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