论文标题
超尺度数据中心的环境潜力：使用位置边缘CO $ _2 $排放来指导地理负载转移
The Environmental Potential of Hyper-Scale Data Centers: Using Locational Marginal CO$_2$ Emissions to Guide Geographical Load Shifting
论文作者
论文摘要
对计算的需求的增加导致了大规模高度优化的数据中心的发展，这代表了电力网络中的大量负载。许多主要的计算公司和互联网公司在世界各地遍布多个数据中心。因此，这些公司具有转移计算负载并因此在地理上转移电力负载的独特能力。本文提供了一种“自下而上”的负载转移模型，该模型使用数据中心的地理负载灵活性来降低CO $ _2 $排放。该模型利用有关位置边缘Co $ _2 $ the Plotprint在单个节点处的信息，但不需要与系统操作员直接协作。我们演示了如何计算边际碳排放，并评估了与数据中心竞标其灵活性到集中市场相比，我们的方法的功效。我们发现，即使有适度的负载转移，数据中心负载转移也可以大大减少CO $ _2 $排放。
Increasing demand for computing has lead to the development of large-scale, highly optimized data centers, which represent large loads in the electric power network. Many major computing and internet companies operate multiple data centers spread geographically across the world. Thus, these companies have a unique ability to shift computing load, and thus electric load, geographically. This paper provides a "bottom-up" load shifting model which uses data centers' geographic load flexibility to lower CO$_2$ emissions. This model utilizes information about the locational marginal CO$_2$ footprint of the electricity at individual nodes, but does not require direct collaboration with the system operator. We demonstrate how to calculate marginal carbon emissions, and assess the efficacy of our approach compared to a setting where the data centers bid their flexibility into a centralized market. We find that data center load shifting can achieve substantial reductions in CO$_2$ emissions even with modest load shifting.
