论文标题
崩溃和意识衡量
Collapse and Measures of Consciousness
论文作者
论文摘要
最近,人们一直在发展Wigner的假设,即有意识的观察通过探索动态崩溃模型引起崩溃,其中某些据称是意识抵抗叠加的方面。 Kremnizer-Ranchin,Chalmers-McQueen和Okon-Sebastián探索了这样的想法,即崩溃可能与意识的数值度量有关。最近,查尔默斯·麦奎恩(Chalmers-McQueen)认为,任何单一的措施都是不够的,因为它将允许相等意识度量的不同状态的叠加持续存在。他们提出一个令人满意的模型需要将崩溃与一组量化意识方面的度量相关联,例如Tononi等人定义的“ Q形状”。在意识的“综合信息理论”(IIT)中。我在这里认为,Chalmers-McQueen反对将单一措施与崩溃相关联的论点需要与不同经验相关的大脑状态之间的精确对称性,因此不适用于我们拥有强大直觉的唯一情况,即人类(或其他地层面生物学)观察者。为了捍卫Chalmers-Mcqueen的立场,可能认为理想化的人工信息处理网络可以显示这种对称性。但是,我认为,任何理论(例如IIT)假定从网络状态到思想状态的地图的任何理论都应将相同的思维状态分配给同构网络状态(就像IIT一样)。这表明,如果存在这样的地图,则没有熟悉的思想状态组成部分,例如观看不同的颜色,或经历愉悦或痛苦,可能与对称性有关。
There has been an upsurge of interest lately in developing Wigner's hypothesis that conscious observation causes collapse by exploring dynamical collapse models in which some purportedly quantifiable aspect(s) of consciousness resist superposition. Kremnizer-Ranchin, Chalmers-McQueen and Okon-Sebastián have explored the idea that collapse may be associated with a numerical measure of consciousness. More recently, Chalmers-McQueen have argued that any single measure is inadequate because it will allow superpositions of distinct states of equal consciousness measure to persist. They suggest a satisfactory model needs to associate collapse with a set of measures quantifying aspects of consciousness, such as the "Q-shapes" defined by Tononi et al. in their "integrated information theory" (IIT) of consciousness. I argue here that Chalmers-McQueen's argument against associating a single measure with collapse requires a precise symmetry between brain states associated with different experiences and thus does not apply to the only case where we have strong intuitions, namely human (or other terrestrial biological) observers. In defence of Chalmers-McQueen's stance, it might be argued that idealized artificial information processing networks could display such symmetries. However, I argue that any theory (such as IIT) that postulates a map from network states to mind states should assign identical mind states to isomorphic network states (as IIT does). This suggests that, if such a map exists, no familiar components of mind states, such as viewing different colours, or experiencing pleasure or pain, are likely to be related by symmetries.