论文标题

手写预测考虑了类间分叉结构

Handwriting Prediction Considering Inter-Class Bifurcation Structures

论文作者

Yamagata, Masaki, Hayashi, Hideaki, Uchida, Seiichi

论文摘要

由于混乱的行为,非马克维亚特征和时间信号的非平稳噪声,时间预测仍然是一项艰巨的任务。手写预测还具有挑战性,因为除了上述问题外,还由类间分叉结构引起的不确定性。例如,“ 0”和“ 6”类在起始部分方面非常相似。因此,从开始部分开始预测其后续部分几乎是不可能的。换句话说,“ 0”和“ 6”由于阶级之间的歧义而具有分叉结构,并且在这种情况下我们不能长期预测。在本文中,我们提出了一个可以处理这种分叉结构的时间预测模型。具体而言,所提出的模型将每个类别的高斯混合物模型(GMM)明确学习,以及类的后验概率。预测的最终结果表示为使用类概率作为权重的GMM的加权总和。当多个类具有较大的权重时,模型可以处理分叉,从而避免预测不准确。所提出的模型被提出为神经网络,包括长期的短期记忆,因此以端到端的方式进行了训练。在Unipen在线手写字符数据集上评估了所提出的模型,结果表明该模型可以捕获并处理分叉结构。

Temporal prediction is a still difficult task due to the chaotic behavior, non-Markovian characteristics, and non-stationary noise of temporal signals. Handwriting prediction is also challenging because of uncertainty arising from inter-class bifurcation structures, in addition to the above problems. For example, the classes '0' and '6' are very similar in terms of their beginning parts; therefore it is nearly impossible to predict their subsequent parts from the beginning part. In other words, '0' and '6' have a bifurcation structure due to ambiguity between classes, and we cannot make a long-term prediction in this context. In this paper, we propose a temporal prediction model that can deal with this bifurcation structure. Specifically, the proposed model learns the bifurcation structure explicitly as a Gaussian mixture model (GMM) for each class as well as the posterior probability of the classes. The final result of prediction is represented as the weighted sum of GMMs using the class probabilities as weights. When multiple classes have large weights, the model can handle a bifurcation and thus avoid an inaccurate prediction. The proposed model is formulated as a neural network including long short-term memories and is thus trained in an end-to-end manner. The proposed model was evaluated on the UNIPEN online handwritten character dataset, and the results show that the model can catch and deal with the bifurcation structures.

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