论文标题
探戈的三:射手座,LMC和银河系
Tango for three: Sagittarius, LMC, and the Milky Way
论文作者
论文摘要
我们使用来自Gaia DR2的星体数据,RR Lyrae恒星估算的距离以及各种光谱调查的视线速度,将候选射手座流构件的目录组装为5D和6D相空间信息。我们发现流轨道和流的反射校正适当运动的方向之间存在明显的错位,我们将其解释为引力电位的时间依赖性扰动的标志。这种扰动的可能原因是最近最庞大的银河系卫星 - 大麦芽云(LMC)的通道。我们开发了在LMC存在下模拟射手座流的新方法,使用特殊量身定制的N体模拟和银河系光环密度曲线的灵活参数化。我们发现,尽管没有LMC的模型可以很好地适合大多数流功能,但它们无法重现未对准并高估了与领先的臂式启动的距离。另一方面,具有LMC质量范围内(1.3+-0.3)X10^11 MSUN的模型纠正了这些缺陷。我们证明该流无法以静态银河系的方式进行充分的建模。取而代之的是,我们的银河系需要向大规模的活动云倾斜,从而使SGR流具有特殊的形状和运动学。通过探索银河系电位的参数空间,我们确定100 kpc以内的封闭质量为(5.6+-0.4)x10^11 msun,病毒质量为(9.0+-1.3)x10^11 msun,并找到了暂定的迹象证据,以找到急性变化的形状和方向。
We assemble a catalogue of candidate Sagittarius stream members with 5d and 6d phase-space information, using astrometric data from Gaia DR2, distances estimated from RR Lyrae stars, and line-of-sight velocities from various spectroscopic surveys. We find a clear misalignment between the stream track and the direction of the reflex-corrected proper motions in the leading arm of the stream, which we interpret as a signature of a time-dependent perturbation of the gravitational potential. A likely cause of this perturbation is the recent passage of the most massive Milky Way satellite - the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). We develop novel methods for simulating the Sagittarius stream in the presence of the LMC, using specially tailored N-body simulations and a flexible parametrization of the Milky Way halo density profile. We find that while models without the LMC can fit most stream features rather well, they fail to reproduce the misalignment and overestimate the distance to the leading arm apocentre. On the other hand, models with an LMC mass in the range (1.3+-0.3)x10^11 Msun rectify these deficiencies. We demonstrate that the stream can not be modelled adequately in a static Milky Way. Instead, our Galaxy is required to lurch toward the massive in-falling Cloud, giving the Sgr stream its peculiar shape and kinematics. By exploring the parameter space of Milky Way potentials, we determine the enclosed mass within 100 kpc to be (5.6+-0.4)x10^11 Msun, and the virial mass to be (9.0+-1.3)x10^11 Msun, and find tentative evidence for a radially-varying shape and orientation of the Galactic halo.