论文标题
田间发射中空间充电效应的一般规模定律
General scaling laws of space charge effects in field emission
论文作者
论文摘要
当发射电荷形成的空间电荷足以抑制提取电场时，场电子和离子发射的特性会发生变化。通过一维（1D）理论，对平面发射二极管的表达很好地描述了这种现象。在这里，我们通过得出描述弱空间电荷体制中场抑制的缩放定律来推广任何3D几何形状。我们提出了一种新型校正的等效平面二极管模型，该模型描述了任何几何图形的空间电荷效应，并利用调整二极管缩放特征的校正因子。然后，我们基于粒子中的技术开发一种计算方法，该方法在数值上解决了空间电荷问题。我们通过将理论与我们的数值计算和现有实验数据进行比较来验证我们的理论，这些数据可用于获得校正的等效平面二极管模型的几何校正因子。
The characteristics of field electron and ion emission change when the space charge formed by the emitted charge is sufficient to suppress the extracting electric field. This phenomenon is well described for planar emitting diodes by the one dimensional (1D) theory. Here we generalize for any 3D geometry by deriving the scaling laws describing the field suppression in the weak space charge regime. We propose a novel corrected equivalent planar diode model, which describes the space charge effects for any geometry in terms of the 1D theory, utilizing a correction factor that adjusts the diode's scaling characteristics. We then develop a computational method, based on the Particle-In-Cell technique, which solves numerically the space charge problem. We validate our theory by comparing it to both our numerical calculations and existing experimental data, either of which can be used to obtain the geometrical correction factor of the corrected equivalent planar diode model.
