论文标题
激光 - 血浆加速度超越波浪破裂
Laser-plasma acceleration beyond wave breaking
论文作者
论文摘要
激光Wakefield加速器依靠非线性血浆波的极高电场来捕获并加速电子，以在短距离内进行相对论能量。当驱动力足够强烈时，血浆波会破裂，捕获了支持其运动的大量背景电子。这限制了最大电场。在这里，我们介绍了一种新颖的等离子体波激发和韦克菲尔德加速度的态度，该状态消除了这一限制，从而允许任意高电场。通过激光脉冲的时空形状启用了该状态，它利用了具有超亮性相速度的非线性等离子体波不能捕获带电的颗粒，因此可以免疫波动。在此制度下运行的激光韦克菲尔德加速器可提供与等离子密度无关的能量可调节性，并可以容纳现代和计划中的高功率，短脉冲激光系统所提供的大型激光振幅。
Laser wakefield accelerators rely on the extremely high electric fields of nonlinear plasma waves to trap and accelerate electrons to relativistic energies over short distances. When driven strongly enough, plasma waves break, trapping a large population of the background electrons that support their motion. This limits the maximum electric field. Here we introduce a novel regime of plasma wave excitation and wakefield acceleration that removes this limit, allowing for arbitrarily high electric fields. The regime, enabled by spatiotemporal shaping of laser pulses, exploits the property that nonlinear plasma waves with superluminal phase velocities cannot trap charged particles and are therefore immune to wave breaking. A laser wakefield accelerator operating in this regime provides energy tunability independent of the plasma density and can accommodate the large laser amplitudes delivered by modern and planned high-power, short pulse laser systems.
