论文标题
解构分散三元素
Deconstructing the Decentralization Trilemma
论文作者
论文摘要
目前，绝大多数应用程序都依靠集中式服务器来中继客户之间的消息，这些服务器被认为是可信赖的第三方。在过去几年中，区块链技术的兴起，从集中式服务器和传统的联邦模型转移到了更加分散的点对点替代方案。但是，在基于区块链的系统中的安全性，可伸缩性和权力下放之间似乎存在三元素。我们使用众所周知的威胁模型解构了这一三元素，我们定义了集中，联合和分散式体系结构的类型。每个不同的体系结构的三元素都以不同的方式发挥作用。面对一个可能的分散未来，我们概述了分散式化的七个严重问题，并认为集中式，联邦和分散的体系结构之间的差异取决于对信任的社会解释的不同。
The vast majority of applications at this moment rely on centralized servers to relay messages between clients, where these servers are considered trusted third-parties. With the rise of blockchain technologies over the last few years, there has been a move away from both centralized servers and traditional federated models to more decentralized peer-to-peer alternatives. However, there appears to be a trilemma between security, scalability, and decentralization in blockchain-based systems. Deconstructing this trilemma using well-known threat models, we define a typology of centralized, federated, and decentralized architectures. Each of the different architectures has this trilemma play out differently. Facing a possible decentralized future, we outline seven hard problems facing decentralization and theorize that the differences between centralized, federated, and decentralized architectures depend on differing social interpretations of trust.
