论文标题
$ ϕ^4 $场理论的异质性周围的气泡成核
Bubble nucleation around heterogeneities in $ϕ^4$-field theories
论文作者
论文摘要
最近已经发现，局部异质性是非线性场理论中的泡沫核核位点。用黑洞播种的真空衰减是最引人注目的应用之一。本文提出了一个简单且完全可解决的$ ϕ^4 $模型，该模型在局部异质性周围表现出气泡成核。根据异质性的拓扑特性，观察到具有丰富动力学行为的气泡。孤子泡的线性稳定性分析预测了振荡气泡的形成，并在扩展的前体气泡中插入新气泡。 2+1个维度中的数值模拟与理论预测非常吻合。
Localised heterogeneities have been recently discovered to act as bubble-nucleation sites in nonlinear field theories. Vacuum decay seeded by black holes is one of the most remarkable applications. This article proposes a simple and exactly solvable $ϕ^4$ model exhibiting bubble nucleation around localised heterogeneities. Bubbles with a rich dynamical behaviour are observed depending on the topological properties of the heterogeneity. The linear stability analysis of soliton-bubbles predicts the formation of oscillating bubbles and the insertion of new bubbles inside an expanding precursor bubble. Numerical simulations in 2+1 dimensions are in good agreement with theoretical predictions.
