论文标题
在上层大气中的垂直风能上 - 对小生物颗粒的后果
On the force of vertical winds in the upper atmosphere -- consequences for small biological particles
论文作者
论文摘要
数十年来，在地球大气层，中层和热层层的高海拔地区观察到了垂直风。这些观察结果已与一个简单的一维模型一起使用，以通过更深入热层的生物尺寸颗粒来估算可能的海拔高度，在极少数情况下，这种粒子已被推动到这些高度上。从有关极光弧的文献中提出了粒子传输机制，表明纳米尺寸粒子可以达到120 km的高度，该粒子高于生物圈上测得的77 km限制。上层和下热层中的垂直风观测到挑战性，因此我们建议颗粒可以达到大于120 km的高度，具体取决于垂直风的大小。探索了较大的垂直风在上层大气中的应用到天体生物学和气候科学。
For many decades vertical winds have been observed at high altitudes of the Earth's atmosphere, in the mesosphere and thermosphere layers. These observations have been used with a simple one dimensional model to make estimates of possible altitude climbs by biologically sized particles deeper into the thermosphere, in the rare occurrence where such a particle has been propelled to these altitudes. A particle transport mechanism is suggested from the literature on auroral arcs, indicating that an altitude of 120 km could be reached by a nanometer sized particle which is higher than the measured 77 km limit on the biosphere. Vertical wind observations in the upper mesophere and lower thermosphere are challenging to make and so we suggest that particles could reach altitudes greater than 120 km, depending on the magnitude of the vertical wind. Applications of the larger vertical winds in the upper atmosphere to astrobiology and climate science are explored.
