论文标题
赌博恶魔的热力学
Thermodynamics of Gambling Demons
论文作者
论文摘要
我们介绍并意识到遵循习惯赌博策略的恶魔在随机时期停止非平衡过程。对于在存在赌博的情况下进行的平均工作以及对经典和量子非平稳随机过程的普遍停止时间波动关系，我们得出了二号法律的不平等现象。我们在一个单电子盒中测试我们的结果，在一个单电子盒中，静电电势将单个电子的动力学驱动到金属岛。我们还讨论了连贯性在测量量子跳跃轨迹的赌博恶魔中的作用。
We introduce and realize demons that follow a customary gambling strategy to stop a nonequilibrium process at stochastic times. We derive second-law-like inequalities for the average work done in the presence of gambling, and universal stopping-time fluctuation relations for classical and quantum non-stationary stochastic processes. We test experimentally our results in a single-electron box, where an electrostatic potential drives the dynamics of individual electrons tunneling into a metallic island. We also discuss the role of coherence in gambling demons measuring quantum jump trajectories.
