论文标题
海洋世界探索和寻找生活
Ocean Worlds Exploration and the Search for Life
论文作者
论文摘要
这是一份社区白皮书，提交给行星科学和天体生物学的十年调查，反映了NASA天体生物学计划的海洋世界研究协调网络（NOW）的观点。 我们建议在NASA内建立一项专门的海洋世界勘探计划，以为科学，工程，研究，开发和任务计划提供持续的资金支持，以实施一个多年多年的多损命计划，以探索海洋世界的生活，并了解可居住性的条件。该计划中的两个新的关键旗舰任务将1）在2023 - 2032年的十年中登陆欧罗巴或土卫，在寻找生物签名的同时调查地球物理和地球化学环境，以及2）2）访问行星海洋以直接在2033 - 2042年直接寻找生命。登陆任务的技术解决方案已经在手头上，这是通过对2018年秋季的Europa Lander飞行前项目的成功的Delta-Mission概念审查所证明的。在最初的降落任务之后，海洋访问任务将需要大量的研究，开发和模拟测试，以在本次开始的十年开始进行这一启动的预备项目。
This is a community white paper submitted to the Decadal Survey in Planetary Science and Astrobiology, reflecting the views of the NASA Astrobiology Program's Research Coordination Network for Ocean Worlds (NOW). We recommend the establishment of a dedicated Ocean Worlds Exploration Program within NASA to provide sustained funding support for the science, engineering, research, development, and mission planning needed to implement a multi-decadal, multi-mission program to explore Ocean Worlds for life and understand the conditions for habitability. The two new critical flagship missions within this program would 1) land on Europa or Enceladus in the decade 2023-2032 to investigate geophysical and geochemical environments while searching for biosignatures, and 2) access a planetary ocean to directly search for life in the decade 2033-2042. The technological solutions for a landed mission are already in-hand, evidenced by the successful delta-Mission Concept Review of the Europa Lander pre-flight project in the fall of 2018. Following an initial landed mission, an ocean access mission will require substantial research, development, and analog testing this decade to enable the initiation of a pre-flight project at the start of the following decade.
