论文标题

基于单个样品的近似比评估QAOA

Evaluation of QAOA based on the approximation ratio of individual samples

论文作者

Larkin, Jason, Jonsson, Matías, Justice, Daniel, Guerreschi, Gian Giacomo

论文摘要

量子近似优化算法(QAOA)是一种杂交量子古典算法,可解决二进制可变性优化问题。由于短路深度及其对系统错误的预期鲁棒性,它是可能在近期量子设备上运行的有前途的候选人之一。为了精确,近似和启发式解决方案,我们模拟了应用于最大切割问题的QAOA的性能,并将其与一些最好的经典替代方案进行比较。在比较求解器时,其性能的特征是为了达到给定的解决方案所花费的计算时间。由于QAOA是基于抽样的,因此我们根据观察到以上质量以上样本的可能性来利用性能指标。此外,我们表明QAOA性能随图形类型而变化很大。通过为变异参数选择合适的优化器并减少函数评估的数量,与以前的估计相比,QAOA性能最多可提高2个数量级。特别是对于3型随机图,此设置通过经典替代方案降低了性能差距。由于不断发展的QAOA计算复杂性理论指导,我们利用一个框架来搜索量子优势,该量子优势包含大量问题实例和所有三种经典求解器模式:精确,近似和启发式。

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm to solve binary-variable optimization problems. Due to the short circuit depth and its expected robustness to systematic errors, it is one of the promising candidates likely to run on near-term quantum devices. We simulate the performance of QAOA applied to the Max-Cut problem and compare it with some of the best classical alternatives, for exact, approximate and heuristic solution. When comparing solvers, their performance is characterized by the computational time taken to achieve a given quality of solution. Since QAOA is based on sampling, we utilize performance metrics based on the probability of observing a sample above a certain quality. In addition, we show that the QAOA performance varies significantly with the graph type. By selecting a suitable optimizer for the variational parameters and reducing the number of function evaluations, QAOA performance improves by up to 2 orders of magnitude compared to previous estimates. Especially for 3-regular random graphs, this setting decreases the performance gap with classical alternatives. Because of the evolving QAOA computational complexity-theoretic guidance, we utilize a framework for the search for quantum advantage which incorporates a large number of problem instances and all three classical solver modalities: exact, approximate, and heuristic.

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