论文标题
加速器真空：材料和性质简介
Vacuum for accelerators: introduction to materials and properties
论文作者
论文摘要
在现代加速器中，对真空系统的材料提出了严格的要求。它们的物理和机械性能，可加工性，可焊性和夸张性是关键参数。足够的强度，延展性，房间的磁性以及低温是在低温温度下工作的加速器真空系统的重要因素。此外，经受烘烤或激活不可蒸发的ge（neg）或直接暴露于光束的组件会在较大温度范围内施加特定的材料等级选择。如今，不锈钢是真空系统的主要材料。详细详细介绍了冶金过程中特定要求的原因，以获得足够的纯度，包容性清洁度和微观结构的细度。在许多情况下，这些要求对于确保真空成分的最终泄漏紧密度至关重要。还处理了创新的制造和材料考试技术。
In modern accelerators, stringent requirements are placed on the materials used for vacuum systems. Their physical and mechanical properties, machinability, weldability and brazeability are key parameters. Adequate strength, ductility, magnetic properties at room as well as low temperatures are important factors for vacuum systems of accelerators working at cryogenic temperatures. In addition, components undergoing baking or activation of Non-Evaporable Getters (NEG) or directly exposed to the beam impose specific choices of material grades for suitable outgassing and mechanical properties in a large temperature range. Today, stainless steels are the dominant materials of vacuum systems. The reasons for specific requirements in terms of metallurgical processes are detailed for obtaining adequate purity, inclusion cleanliness and fineness of the microstructure. In many cases these requirements are crucial to guarantee the final leak tightness of the vacuum components. Innovative manufacturing and material examination technologies are also treated.
