论文标题
锑中退化电子流体的热阻率和流体动力学
Thermal resistivity and hydrodynamics of the degenerate electron fluid in antimony
论文作者
论文摘要
在固体中检测电子流中的流体动力指纹构成当代冷凝物理物理学中的动态研究领域。当热速度可以提出空间调制的轮廓时，大多数注意力集中在退化温度附近的机制上。在这里，我们报告了在散装中的准粉化变性电子流动中观察到的流体动力特征。通过仔细检查热电阻率的温度依赖性，我们检测到与Wiedemann-Franz定律的尺寸相关的偏离，这是在运输的动量延伸图片中出乎意料的。该观察结果在流体动力学图片中发现了自然的解释，在变暖后，势头支持的碰撞在温度粘度和热扩散率的温度下四次减少。这种效果是在普通状态液体$^3 $ He中在理论上和实验中建立的。在$^3 $中的锑和费米子中电子的比较为量化了不同费米液体中量化动量的费米 - 费米碰撞率的方式铺平了道路。
Detecting hydrodynamic fingerprints in the flow of electrons in solids constitutes a dynamic field of investigation in contemporary condensed matter physics. Most attention has been focused on the regime near the degeneracy temperature when the thermal velocity can present a spatially modulated profile. Here, we report on the observation of a hydrodynamic feature in the flow of quasi-ballistic degenerate electrons in bulk antimony. By scrutinizing the temperature dependence of thermal and electric resistivities, we detect a size-dependent departure from the Wiedemann-Franz law, unexpected in the momentum-relaxing picture of transport. This observation finds a natural explanation in the hydrodynamic picture, where upon warming, momentum-conserving collisions reduce quadratically in temperature both viscosity and thermal diffusivity. This effect has been established theoretically and experimentally in normal-state liquid $^3$He. The comparison of electrons in antimony and fermions in $^3$He paves the way to a quantification of momentum-conserving fermion-fermion collision rate in different Fermi liquids.
