论文标题
公共计划是否使发展中国家的私人转会受益？对最近证据的批判性评论
Do Public Program Benefits Crowd Out Private Transfers in Developing Countries? A Critical Review of Recent Evidence
论文作者
论文摘要
在过去的三十年中，社会保护计划因快速全球化，不平等，人口增长和寿命增长而引起，社会保护计划一直在上升。但是，引入公共利益可能会取代非正式的风险保护机制，这在LMIC中尤为普遍。如果私人转让的流离失所大大很大，那么社会保护计划的扩展甚至可能导致社会福利损失。在本文中，我们批判性地调查了有关公共政策，特别是在LMIC的背景下，有关人群效应的最新经验文献。我们审查并综合了从各种类型的社会保护计划的行为响应中的模式。此外，我们专门研究了重要的社会经济特征的异质治疗效果。我们通过借鉴研究的教训来结束。如果考虑减少贫困目标，以及针对潜在的人群影响的仔细计划，那么社会上很可能会有净收益。
Precipitated by rapid globalization, rising inequality, population growth, and longevity gains, social protection programs have been on the rise in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) in the last three decades. However, the introduction of public benefits could displace informal mechanisms for risk-protection, which are especially prevalent in LMICs. If the displacement of private transfers is considerably large, the expansion of social protection programs could even lead to social welfare loss. In this paper, we critically survey the recent empirical literature on crowd-out effects in response to public policies, specifically in the context of LMICs. We review and synthesize patterns from the behavioral response to various types of social protection programs. Furthermore, we specifically examine for heterogeneous treatment effects by important socioeconomic characteristics. We conclude by drawing on lessons from our synthesis of studies. If poverty reduction objectives are considered, along with careful program targeting that accounts for potential crowd-out effects, there may well be a net social gain.
