论文标题
具有O(log n)通信复杂性的几种基本量子私有查询协议的安全改进
Security Improvements of Several Basic Quantum Private Query Protocols with O(log N) Communication Complexity
论文作者
论文摘要
介绍和分析了新的量子私有数据库(带有n个元素)查询协议。协议将已知协议的o(logn)通信复杂性用于同一任务,但在安全性方面进行了一些重大改进,尤其是与用户隐私有关的。例如,我们协议的随机形式具有对作弊敏感的属性 - 它允许用户检测具有非零概率的不诚实数据库,而相同任务的相位编码的私有查询协议则没有此类属性。此外,当数据库执行计算基础测量时,一种特定的投影测量值可能会在先前具有O(logN)通信复杂性的先前私人查询协议中显着丧失用户隐私,最多可以在我们的协议中泄漏到此类数据库中,而在QPQ协议中,整个用户的隐私可能会泄漏出去。此外,这里证明,对于大N,用户可以通过计算基础测量检测作弊,使用O(\ sqrt {n})特殊查询接近1/2,概率接近1/2。最后,这里显示的是我们的两种形式的协议,基本和随机的,不诚实的数据库必须如何行动,以防它无法学习用户的查询。
New quantum private database (with N elements) query protocols are presented and analyzed. Protocols preserve O(logN) communication complexity of known protocols for the same task, but achieve several significant improvements in security, especially concerning user privacy. For example, the randomized form of our protocol has a cheat-sensitive property - it allows the user to detect a dishonest database with a nonzero probability, while the phase-encoded private query protocols for the same task do not have such a property. Moreover, when the database performs the computational basis measurement, a particular projective measurement which can cause a significant loss of user privacy in the previous private query protocols with O(logN) communication complexity, at most half of the user privacy could leak to such a database in our protocol, while in the QPQ protocol, the entire user privacy could leak out. In addition, it is proved here that for large N, the user could detect a cheating via the computational basis measurement, with a probability close to 1/2 using O(\sqrt{N}) special queries. Finally, it is shown here, for both forms of our protocol, basic and randomized, how a dishonest database has to act in case it could not learn user's queries.