论文标题
推断具有附加对照的测试阴性病例对照研究
Inference for a test-negative case-control study with added controls
论文作者
论文摘要
最近已经提出了带有附加对照的测试阴性设计来研究Covid-19。如果个人对疾病进行了测试，但测试阳性或测试阴性，则应相应地测试阳性或测试阴性。将对照组添加到测试启动剂与测试阴性的比较中很有用，因为测试启动剂与对照对照的其他比较可能具有与第一个比较不同的潜在偏见。 Bonferroni校正可确保同时进行这两个比较的I型错误控制。我们提出了两种推理的新方法，这些方法具有更好的解释性和更高的统计能力。这些方法添加了第三个比较，该比较本质上与第一个比较无关，但是我们提出的第二种方法通常比Bonferroni校正对这两个比较所支付的比较少得多。
Test-negative designs with added controls have recently been proposed to study COVID-19. An individual is test-positive or test-negative accordingly if they took a test for a disease but tested positive or tested negative. Adding a control group to a comparison of test-positives vs test-negatives is useful since additional comparison of test-positives vs controls can have potential biases different from the first comparison. Bonferroni correction ensures necessary type-I error control for these two comparisons done simultaneously. We propose two new methods for inference which have better interpretability and higher statistical power for these designs. These methods add a third comparison that is essentially independent of the first comparison, but our proposed second method often pays much less for these three comparisons than what a Bonferroni correction would pay for the two comparisons.
