论文标题
远程平衡量子量临界结构动力学：可逆性，热力学和流体动力学
Far-Away-From-Equilibrium Quantum Critical Conformal Dynamics: Reversibility, Thermalization, and Hydrodynamics
论文作者
论文摘要
远程平衡多体动力学涉及熵产生，因此在热力学上是不可逆的。接近量子的临界点，紧急形式的对称性可以对熵产生速率施加强大的限制，在某些情况下，完全禁止熵产生，这通常是针对偏离量子关键点的系统。在本文中，我们说明了量子临界点附近的消失熵产生如何在有限温度下导致可逆的远距离平衡动力学可逆，而这些动态是不可逆的。远离量子临界点，量子动力学受到阻尼，我们的分析将热力学时间尺度与量子粘度附近的流体动力粘度与动力学关键指数$ z = 2 $相关。我们证明了如何使用Feshbach共振在冷气实验中可能研究可控制的和不可逆的动力学。
Generic far-away-from-equilibrium many-body dynamics involve entropy production, and hence are thermodynamically irreversible. Near quantum critical points, an emergent conformal symmetry can impose strong constraints on entropy production rates, and in some cases completely forbid entropy production, which usually occurs for systems that deviate from quantum critical points. In this article, we illustrate how the vanishing entropy production near a quantum critical point results in reversible far-away-from-equilibrium dynamics at finite temperatures that are otherwise irreversible. Away from the quantum critical point, the quantum dynamics are damped, and our analysis directly relates the thermalization time scale to the hydrodynamic viscosity near quantum critical points with dynamical critical exponent $z=2$. We demonstrate how both controllable reversible and irreversible dynamics can be potentially studied in cold gas experiments using Feshbach resonances.
