论文标题
两层辐射流体动力学方案,适用于偶性磁盘中行星形成的模拟
A two-moment radiation hydrodynamics scheme applicable to simulations of planet formation in circumstellar disks
论文作者
论文摘要
我们提出了用于辐射流体动力学的数值代码,设计为可免费获得的冥王星代码的模块。我们采用灰色近似值,包括在两摩托方法之后通过将M1闭合到辐射场来进行辐射转移。这种封闭允许描述在扩散和自由流的限制中辐射传输,并能够描述高度各向异性的辐射传输,正如原始磁盘中积聚行星附近所期望的那样。为了减少由辐射和物质场之间的时间尺度差异引起的计算成本,我们以替代方式进化了辐射方程,以操作员分离的方式分别集成了它们的演化方程。我们通过采用降低光近似(RSLA)来进一步提高代码的效率。我们针对辐射场进化方程的集成方案依赖于隐式解释方案,在这种方案中,辐射 - 辐射 - 互动项是隐式集成的,而通量是通过Godunov-type型求解器整合的。该模块适用于笛卡尔,球形和圆柱坐标中1、2和3维的一般天体物理计算,并且可以在旋转框架上实现。我们在不同的数值基准上演示了算法性能,特别注意RSLA在原动性磁盘中计算物理过程的适用性。我们显示了磁盘中垂直对流的2D模拟和按照行星岩心的气体积聚模拟,这是第一个以两摩托方法来解决的。
We present a numerical code for radiation hydrodynamics designed as a module for the freely available PLUTO code. We adopt a gray approximation and include radiative transfer following a two-moment approach by imposing the M1 closure to the radiation fields. This closure allows for a description of radiative transport in both the diffusion and free-streaming limits, and is able to describe highly anisotropic radiation transport as can be expected in the vicinity of an accreting planet in a protoplanetary disk. To reduce the computational cost caused by the timescale disparity between radiation and matter fields, we integrate their evolution equations separately in an operator-split way, using substepping to evolve the radiation equations. We further increase the code's efficiency by adopting the reduced speed of light approximation (RSLA). Our integration scheme for the evolution equations of radiation fields relies on implicit-explicit schemes, in which radiation-matter interaction terms are integrated implicitly while fluxes are integrated via Godunov-type solvers. The module is suitable for general astrophysical computations in 1, 2, and 3 dimensions in Cartesian, spherical and cylindrical coordinates, and can be implemented on rotating frames. We demonstrate the algorithm performance on different numerical benchmarks, paying particular attention to the applicability of the RSLA for computations of physical processes in protoplanetary disks. We show 2D simulations of vertical convection in disks and 3D simulations of gas accretion by planetary cores, which are the first of their kind to be solved with a two-moment approach.