论文标题

微波动力电感探测器的超导材料

Superconducting Materials for Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detectors

论文作者

Mazin, Benjamin A.

论文摘要

构成MKID的超导材料对其性能产生了重大影响。胶片的$ t_ \ textrm {c} $和正常状态电阻率$ρ_\ textrm {n} $确定了穿透深度$λ$,因此它具有多少动力电感。动力电感与总电感的比率($α$),电感器的体积和$ q_ \ textrm {m} $的比率决定了对传入能量的响应的幅度。准粒子寿命$τ_\ textrm {qp} $是MKID表面阻抗通过传入能量修改的特征时间。已经探索了许多材料用于超导谐振器和MKID,但是这些信息通常不会在文献周围发表或分散。本章包含有关在过去二十年中使用薄膜石版印刷电路进行的有关工作的工作的信息和参考。请注意,测量的材料属性,例如内部损耗质量因子$ q_ \ textrm {i} $和Quasiparticle LifeTime $τ_\ textrm {qp} $差异很大,具体取决于MKID超导薄膜的制作方式,以及它们是如何测量的,并且最好地解释了所有典型的典型价值,但并非确定地进行典型陈述。在没有足够的测量或文献中有太多分歧以估计典型价值的情况下,省略了值。为了尽可能完整,包括作者实验室的一些未发表的结果,可以通过缺乏参考来确定。除非所有薄膜都是多晶或无定形的。

The superconducting materials that make up an MKID have a significant effect on its performance. The $T_\textrm{c}$ and normal state resistivity $ρ_\textrm{N}$ of the film determine the penetration depth $λ$ and therefore how much kinetic inductance it has. The ratio of kinetic inductance to total inductance ($α$), the volume of the inductor, and $Q_\textrm{m}$ determines the magnitude of the response to incoming energy. The quasiparticle lifetime $τ_\textrm{qp}$ is the characteristic time during which the MKID's surface impedance is modified by the incoming energy. Many materials have been explored for use in superconducting resonators and MKIDs, but that information is often not published or scattered around the literature. This chapter contains information and references on the work that has been done with thin film lithographed circuits for MKIDs over the last two decades. Note that measured material properties such as the internal loss quality factor $Q_\textrm{i}$ and quasiparticle lifetime $τ_\textrm{qp}$ vary significantly depending on how the MKID superconducting thin film is made and the system they are measured in, so it is best to interpret all stated values as typical but not definitive. Values are omitted in cases when there aren't enough measurements or there is too much disagreement in the literature to estimate a typical value. In order to be as complete as possible some unpublished results from the author's lab are included and can be identified by the lack of a reference. Unless noted all films are polycrystalline or amorphous.

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