论文标题
高度可变形的软材料的断裂：两个长度尺度的故事
The fracture of highly deformable soft materials: A tale of two length scales
论文作者
论文摘要
在广泛的技术应用中，高度可变形的软材料的断裂非常重要，在软机器人，可拉伸电子设备和组织工程等领域中出现。从基本物理学的角度来看，由于涉及强烈的非线性和耗散变形，这些材料的失败构成了基本挑战。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了软材料中裂纹的物理学，并突出了两个长度尺度，这些尺度表征了这种材料中裂纹尖端附近的强烈非线性弹性和耗散区。我们讨论了阐明两个长度尺度的性质的物理过程，理论概念和数学结果，并表明两个长度尺度可以对广泛的材料进行分类。新兴的多尺度物理图片概述了开发断裂软材料预测理论所需的理论成分。我们通过列出公开挑战和未来的调查指示来结束。
The fracture of highly deformable soft materials is of great practical importance in a wide range of technological applications, emerging in fields such as soft robotics, stretchable electronics and tissue engineering. From a basic physics perspective, the failure of these materials poses fundamental challenges due to the strongly nonlinear and dissipative deformation involved. In this review, we discuss the physics of cracks in soft materials and highlight two length scales that characterize the strongly nonlinear elastic and dissipation zones near crack tips in such materials. We discuss physical processes, theoretical concepts and mathematical results that elucidate the nature of the two length scales, and show that the two length scales can classify a wide range of materials. The emerging multi-scale physical picture outlines the theoretical ingredients required for the development of predictive theories of the fracture soft materials. We conclude by listing open challenges and future investigation directions.
