论文标题
原发性和次级宇宙射线能光谱的通用特性
Universal properties of primary and secondary cosmic ray energy spectra
论文作者
论文摘要
出现在宇宙射线中的原子核通常被归类为原发性或次级。但是，仍然需要更好地了解它们的起源和传播属性。我们通过国际空间站上的Alpha磁光谱仪（AMS）在2 GV和3电视之间检测到原代（HE，C，O）和二级核（Li，Be，B）的通量。我们表明，$ q $ - 指数分布函数是由具有温度波动的统计力学的通用版本所激发的，为所考虑的所有核的测量通量提供了极好的拟合。原发性和次级通量揭示了对每个核心动能的普遍依赖性，其基础能量分布函数仅由它们的有效自由度来区分。所有给定的光谱的特征是通用平均温度参数$ \ sim $ 200 MEV，与Hagedorn温度一致。我们的分析表明，QCD散射过程与非平衡温度波动一起为观察到的宇宙射线能量光谱中观察到的普遍性提供了合理的解释。我们的分析表明，QCD散射过程以及普遍在所测得的宇宙射线光谱上的非平衡温度波动印记，并产生与地球上高能对撞机实验相似的能量光谱形状。
Atomic nuclei appearing in cosmic rays are typically classified as primary or secondary. However, a better understanding of their origin and propagation properties is still necessary. We analyse the flux of primary (He, C, O) and secondary nuclei (Li, Be, B) detected with rigidity (momentum/charge) between 2 GV and 3 TV by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) on the International Space Station. We show that $q$-exponential distribution functions, as motivated by generalized versions of statistical mechanics with temperature fluctuations, provide excellent fits for the measured flux of all nuclei considered. Primary and secondary fluxes reveal a universal dependence on kinetic energy per nucleon for which the underlying energy distribution functions are solely distinguished by their effective degrees of freedom. All given spectra are characterized by a universal mean temperature parameter $\sim$ 200 MeV which agrees with the Hagedorn temperature. Our analysis suggests that QCD scattering processes together with nonequilibrium temperature fluctuations provide a plausible explanation for the observed universality in cosmic ray energy spectra. Our analysis suggests that QCD scattering processes together with nonequilibrium temperature fluctuations imprint universally onto the measured cosmic ray spectra, and produce a similar shape of energy spectra as high energy collider experiments on the Earth.
