论文标题
测试黑暗能源调查的极端型纳普尼亚物体的各向同性
Testing the isotropy of the Dark Energy Survey's extreme trans-Neptunian objects
论文作者
论文摘要
我们测试在Y4暗能量调查(DES)数据中检测到的“极端”跨北河对象(ETNOS)的种群是否表现出方位角不对称,这可能是在遥远轨道中观察到的超级月球引力扰动的证据。通过旋转检测到的ETNO的轨道,我们构建了一个合成人群,当受到DES选择功能的约束时,它会重现轨道元素$ a,e,$ i $的ETNOS分布,并且在$ a,e,$ i $以及绝对的幅度$ h $中,但在$ $ $ $ $ $ $ $上$ $ $ $ noce $ perection $ noce $ perecy $ the $ the $ h $ h $ h $ h $ h $ h $,noce $ pergecy $ compent。使用Kuiper的Kolmogorov-Smirnov测试中的Kuiper变体,在$ω,ω,$和$ \ VARPI \equivΩ+ω$中的分布中。对ETNO人群的4个定义中的每个定义进行了测试,在$ a>(150,250)$ au和Perihelion $ q>(30,37)$ au中选择。这些选择在DES Y4样品中产生3--7个ETNO。 Among the twelve total tests, two have the likelihood of drawing the observed angles from the isotropic population at $p<0.05.$ The 3 detections at $a>250, q>37$ AU, and the 4 detections at $a>250, q>30$ AU, have $Ω$ distribution with $p=0.03$ of coming from the isotropic construction, but this is not strong evidence of anisotropy given 12个不同的测试。因此,自行处理的DES数据与方位角各向同性一致,不需要“行星9”假设。但是,有限的天空覆盖范围和对象数意味着DES数据绝不会伪造这一假设。
We test whether the population of "extreme" trans-Neptunian objects (eTNOs) detected in the Y4 Dark Energy Survey (DES) data exhibit azimuthal asymmetries which might be evidence of gravitational perturbations from an unseen super-Earth in a distant orbit. By rotating the orbits of the detected eTNOs, we construct a synthetic population which, when subject to the DES selection function, reproduces the detected distribution of eTNOs in the orbital elements $a,e,$ and $i$ as well as absolute magnitude $H$, but has uniform distributions in mean anomaly $M$, longitude of ascending node $Ω,$ and argument of perihelion $ω.$ We then compare the detected distributions in each of $Ω, ω,$ and $\varpi\equivΩ+ω$ to those expected from the isotropic population, using Kuiper's variant of the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The three angles are tested for each of 4 definitions of the eTNO population, choosing among $a>(150,250)$ AU and perihelion $q>(30,37)$ AU. These choices yield 3--7 eTNOs in the DES Y4 sample. Among the twelve total tests, two have the likelihood of drawing the observed angles from the isotropic population at $p<0.05.$ The 3 detections at $a>250, q>37$ AU, and the 4 detections at $a>250, q>30$ AU, have $Ω$ distribution with $p=0.03$ of coming from the isotropic construction, but this is not strong evidence of anisotropy given the 12 different tests. The DES data taken on their own are thus consistent with azimuthal isotropy and do not require a "Planet 9" hypothesis. The limited sky coverage and object count mean, however, that the DES data by no means falsify this hypothesis.