论文标题
作为可观察到的外部量子和操作量子工作波动定理的工作
Work as an external quantum observable and an operational quantum work fluctuation theorem
论文作者
论文摘要
我们建议在驱动系统中对外部可测量的量子工作的定义。工作是在控制设备上可观察到的量子的，该控制设备强迫系统，并且可以在不了解系统hamiltonian $ h_ \ Mathcal {s} $的情况下确定。我们认为，依赖于$ h_ \ Mathcal {s} $的知识的量子工作波动定理几乎没有实用的相关性，这与它们的经典对应物相反。使用我们的框架，我们得出了一个波动定理，该定理在操作上可以访问，并且可以在实验中实现，以确定未知系统的自由能差的界限。
We propose a definition of externally measurable quantum work in driven systems. Work is given as a quantum observable on a control device which is forcing the system and can be determined without knowledge of the system Hamiltonian $H_\mathcal{S}$. We argue that quantum work fluctuation theorems which rely on the knowledge of $H_\mathcal{S}$ are of little practical relevance, contrary to their classical counterparts. Using our framework, we derive a fluctuation theorem which is operationally accessible and could in principle be implemented in experiments to determine bounds on free energy differences of unknown systems.
