球体+：成像年轻的木星到雪线

论文标题

球体+：成像年轻的木星到雪线

SPHERE+: Imaging young Jupiters down to the snowline

论文作者

Boccaletti, A., Chauvin, G., Mouillet, D., Absil, O., Allard, F., Antoniucci, S., Augereau, J. -C., Barge, P., Baruffolo, A., Baudino, J. -L., Baudoz, P., Beaulieu, M., Benisty, M., Beuzit, J. -L., Bianco, A., Biller, B., Bonavita, B., Bonnefoy, M., Bos, S., Bouret, J. -C., Brandner, W., Buchschache, N., Carry, B., Cantalloube, F., Cascone, E., Carlotti, A., Charnay, B., Chiavassa, A., Choquet, E., Clenet, Y., Crida, A., De Boer, J., De Caprio, V., Desidera, S., Desert, J. -M., Delisle, J. -B., Delorme, P., Dohlen, K., Doelman, D., Dominik, C., Orazi, V. D, Dougados, C., Doute, S., Fedele, D., Feldt, M., Ferreira, F., Fontanive, C., Fusco, T., Galicher, R., Garufi, A., Gendron, E., Ghedina, A., Ginski, C., Gonzalez, J. -F., Gratadour, D., Gratton, R., Guillot, T., Haffert, S., Hagelberg, J., Henning, T., Huby, E., Janson, M., Kamp, I., Keller, C., Kenworthy, M., Kervella, P., Kral, Q., Kuhn, J., Lagadec, E., Laibe, G., Langlois, M., Lagrange, A. -M., Launhardt, R., Leboulleux, L., Coroller, H. Le, Causi, G. Li, Loupias, M., Maire, A. L., Marleau, G., Martinache, F., Martinez, P., Mary, D., Mattioli, M., Mazoyer, J., Meheut, H., Menard, F., Mesa, D., Meunier, N., Miguel, Y., Milli, J., Min, M., Molliere, P., Mordasini, C., Moretto, G., Mugnier, L., Arena, G. Muro, Nardetto, N., Diaye, M. N, Nesvadba, N., Pedichini, F., Pinilla, P., Por, E., Potier, A., Quanz, S., Rameau, J., Roelfsema, R., Rouan, D., Rigliaco, E., Salasnich, B., Samland, M., Sauvage, J. -F., Schmid, H. -M., Segransan, D., Snellen, I., Snik, F., Soulez, F., Stadler, E., Stam, D., Tallon, M., Thebault, P., Thiebaut, E., Tschudi, C., Udry, S., van Holstein, R., Vernazza, P., Vidal, F., Vigan, A., Waters, R., Wildi, F., Willson, M., Zanutta, A., Zavagno, A., Zurlo, A.

论文摘要

Sphere（Beuzit等人，2019年）现已在VLT运行超过5年，证明了高度的性能。 Sphere使用多种操作模式产生了出色的结果，主要是在直接成像的系外行星系统的领域中，以作为点源作为点源和偶然磁盘作为扩展对象。到目前为止，在不同领域（外科行星，磁盘，太阳系，恒星物理学...）的领域（〜200个反驳出版物）获得的成就激励了一个大型财团，提出了一套更雄心勃勃的科学案例及其以升级形式进行的相应技术实施。 Sphere+项目利用了从Sphere中学到的专业知识和经验教训，将高对比度成像性能推向了VLT 8M-TELESCOPE的限制。本文档中描述的Sphere+的科学程序将为即将到来的十年与地面设施（VLT/I，E，ELT，Alma和SKA）和太空任务（Gaia，Jaia，JWST，Plato，Plato和Wfirst）打开一个新的且引人注目的科学窗口。尽管Sphere已经对行星系统的外部进行了采样，而Sphere+将挖入恒星周围的内部区域，以揭示和以光谱的平均值为特征，而巨型行星人口群体群体向下降雪线。 Sphere+将基于Sphere的科学遗产和振奋人心的成功，将成为一种专门的调查工具，将在直接成像的外部系统系统的直接成像领域中加强ESO和欧洲社区的领导。随着能力增强，它将促进科学案例的更广泛的多样性，包括对太阳系的研究，恒星的诞生和死亡以及对活性银河核的内部区域的探索。

SPHERE (Beuzit et al,. 2019) has now been in operation at the VLT for more than 5 years, demonstrating a high level of performance. SPHERE has produced outstanding results using a variety of operating modes, primarily in the field of direct imaging of exoplanetary systems, focusing on exoplanets as point sources and circumstellar disks as extended objects. The achievements obtained thus far with SPHERE (~200 refereed publications) in different areas (exoplanets, disks, solar system, stellar physics...) have motivated a large consortium to propose an even more ambitious set of science cases, and its corresponding technical implementation in the form of an upgrade. The SPHERE+ project capitalizes on the expertise and lessons learned from SPHERE to push high contrast imaging performance to its limits on the VLT 8m-telescope. The scientific program of SPHERE+ described in this document will open a new and compelling scientific window for the upcoming decade in strong synergy with ground-based facilities (VLT/I, ELT, ALMA, and SKA) and space missions (Gaia, JWST, PLATO and WFIRST). While SPHERE has sampled the outer parts of planetary systems beyond a few tens of AU, SPHERE+ will dig into the inner regions around stars to reveal and characterize by mean of spectroscopy the giant planet population down to the snow line. Building on SPHERE's scientific heritage and resounding success, SPHERE+ will be a dedicated survey instrument which will strengthen the leadership of ESO and the European community in the very competitive field of direct imaging of exoplanetary systems. With enhanced capabilities, it will enable an even broader diversity of science cases including the study of the solar system, the birth and death of stars and the exploration of the inner regions of active galactic nuclei.

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