论文标题
浮游生物中有效的伴侣在湍流中游泳
Efficient mate finding in planktonic copepods swimming in turbulence
论文作者
论文摘要
浮游生物生活在动态环境中，湍流可能会挑战其有限的游泳能力。这如何干扰基本的行为过程仍然难以捉摸。我们同时重建流动示踪剂和calanoid copepods的轨迹，并量化了它们在环境流动对运动施加物理构成的限制并损害其嗅觉方向时找到伴侣的能力。我们表明，由于对流和剧烈的游泳的贡献，Copepods在湍流中实现了高度遭遇率。男性在遭遇的短时间内进一步将感知半径内的相遇转换为触点，然后通过定向运动向附近的生物交配。惯性效应不会导致优先浓度，从而将几何碰撞内核降低到清除率，我们通过超级湍流速度和生物运动来准确地对其进行模拟。这种行为和物理耦合机制可能解释了Copepods在动荡环境中繁殖的能力。
Zooplankton live in dynamic environments where turbulence may challenge their limited swimming abilities. How this interferes with fundamental behavioral processes remains elusive. We reconstruct simultaneously the trajectories of flow tracers and calanoid copepods and we quantify their ability to find mates when ambient flow imposes physical constrains on their motion and impairs their olfactory orientation. We show that copepods achieve high encounter rates in turbulence due to the contribution of advection and vigorous swimming. Males further convert encounters within the perception radius to contacts and then to mating via directed motion toward nearby organisms within the short time frame of the encounter. Inertial effects do not result in preferential concentration, reducing the geometric collision kernel to the clearance rate, which we model accurately by superposing turbulent velocity and organism motion. This behavioral and physical coupling mechanism may account for the ability of copepods to reproduce in turbulent environments.
