论文标题
交通拥堵和最低工资对TNCS的影响：旧金山的案例研究
Impact of Congestion Charge and Minimum Wage on TNCs: A Case Study for San Francisco
论文作者
论文摘要
本文描述了对交通网络公司（TNC）的影响，对交通拥堵和驾驶员的最低工资产生了影响。使用市场均衡模型对影响进行评估，以计算乘客旅行和旅行票价，雇用的驾驶员数量，TNC平台利润，TNC车辆数量以及城市收入的变化。考虑了两项费用：（a）每TNC旅行的费用类似于消费税，（b）每辆车操作小时（是否有乘客）收费类似于道路税。这两种电荷都减少了TNC旅行的数量，但是这种减少受工资地板的限制，而减少的TNC车辆数量也不显着。基于时间的费用比基于旅行的费用更可取，因为通过惩罚闲置的车辆时间，前者会增加车辆的占用率。在旧金山的一项案例研究中，基于时间的费用被认为比基于旅行的费用优于基于旅行的费用，因为它可以产生更高的乘客盈余，较高的平台利润和较高的税收收入。
This paper describes the impact on transportation network companies (TNCs) of the imposition of a congestion charge and a driver minimum wage. The impact is assessed using a market equilibrium model to calculate the changes in the number of passenger trips and trip fare, number of drivers employed, the TNC platform profit, the number of TNC vehicles, and city revenue. Two charges are considered: (a) a charge per TNC trip similar to an excise tax, and (b) a charge per vehicle operating hour (whether or not it has a passenger) similar to a road tax. Both charges reduce the number of TNC trips, but this reduction is limited by the wage floor, and the number of TNC vehicles reduced is not significant. The time-based charge is preferable to the trip-based charge since, by penalizing idle vehicle time, the former increases vehicle occupancy. In a case study for San Francisco, the time-based charge is found to be Pareto superior to the trip-based charge as it yields higher passenger surplus, higher platform profits, and higher tax revenue for the city.
