论文标题
原子核和中子星中的富含中子物质
Neutron-rich matter in atomic nuclei and neutron stars
论文作者
论文摘要
在研究中子星（NSS）等系统时，对高度不对称核物质的状态方程（EOS）的正确理解至关重要。使用零范围的Skyrme相互作用和有限范围的相互作用，例如GOGNY力，动量依赖性相互作用（MDI）和简单的有效相互作用（SEI），我们分析了EOS的特性及其对NSS计算的影响。 我们研究了泰勒级数在异种不对称的力量中的泰勒级数序列扩展的收敛性，以及使用EOS的泰勒扩展计算出$β$ - 稳定核物质的结果的准确性。还分析了Skyrme和有限范围相互作用的NS Mass-Radius关系。由于标准GOGNY D1相互作用的现有参数化都无法在观察性约束内提供NS，因此我们提出了一个新的参数化，我们将其命名为D1M $^*$，可以提供$ 2 M_ \ odot $的NS，同时仍然可以提供对有限核和D1M的良好描述。还提出了参数化D1M $^{**} $，该$与D1M $^*$相似，并提供高达$ 1.91 M_ \ ODOT $的NSS。 对于用于天体物理目的的NSS建模是必要的，可以准确确定核心壳过渡点。我们通过发现核心中的核物质在密度波动不稳定的位置，估算NSS中的核心壳转变。为此，我们采用了两种方法，即热力学方法和动力学方法，用于零范围和有限范围的相互作用。为了将动态方法应用于有限范围的力，我们已经明确地得出了动量空间中能量曲率基质的表达。 最后，使用Skyrme和有限范围的相互作用对NS地壳特性，惯性矩和潮汐变形的能力进行了彻底分析。
The proper understanding of the equation of state (EoS) of highly asymmetric nuclear matter is essential when studying systems such as neutron stars (NSs). Using zero-range Skyrme interactions and finite-range interactions such as Gogny forces, momentum-dependent interactions (MDI) and simple effective interactions (SEI), we analyze the properties of the EoS and the influence they may have on the calculations for NSs. We study the convergence properties of the Taylor series expansion of the EoS in powers of the isospin asymmetry and the accuracy of the results for $β$-stable nuclear matter when it is computed using the Taylor expansion of the EoS. The NS mass-radius relation for Skyrme and finite-range interactions is also analyzed. As none of the existing parametrizations of the standard Gogny D1 interaction are able to provide an NS inside the observational constraints, we propose a new parametrization, which we name D1M$^*$, that is able to provide NSs of $2 M_\odot$ while still providing the same good description of finite nuclei as D1M. A parametrization D1M$^{**}$ is also presented, which is fitted similarly as D1M$^*$ and provides NSs up to $1.91 M_\odot$. An accurate determination of the core-crust transition point is necessary for the modeling of NSs for astrophysical purposes. We estimate the core-crust transition in NSs by finding where the nuclear matter in the core is unstable against fluctuations of the density. To do that, we employ two methods, the thermodynamical method and the dynamical method for zero-range and finite-range interactions. To apply the dynamical method to finite-range forces, we have explicitly derived the expression of the energy curvature matrix in momentum space. Finally, the NS crustal properties, moment of inertia and tidal deformability are thoroughly analyzed using Skyrme and finite-range interactions.
