论文标题
亲属网络中的社会和儿童保育提供：基于代理的模型
Social and Child Care Provision in Kinship Networks: an Agent-Based Model
论文作者
论文摘要
满足弱势群体的需求是社会和健康政策制定的关键组成部分。特别是，照顾儿童和脆弱的老年人对于全世界数百万家庭的福祉至关重要。在大多数发达国家，这种护理是通过正式和非正式手段提供的，因此受复杂政策的约束，这些政策与其他政策制定领域以非明显的方式相互作用。在本文中，我们在英国介绍了基于代理的社会和儿童保育提供的模型，在该模型中，代理商可以为其亲戚提供非正式的护理或为私人护理付费。代理商根据许多因素，包括其健康状况，就业状况，财务状况以及对有需要的人的社会和身体距离做出护理决定。仿真结果表明，该模型可以产生合理的护理需求和可用性模式，因此可以为这一复杂的政策制定领域提供重要的帮助。我们得出的结论是，该模型对亲属网络的使用来分发护理以及对社会护理和儿童保育之间的互动的明确建模将使政策制定者能够在这些关键领域制定更明智的政策干预措施。
Providing for the needs of the vulnerable is a critical component of social and health policy-making. In particular, caring for children and for vulnerable older people is vital to the wellbeing of millions of families throughout the world. In most developed countries, this care is provided through both formal and informal means, and is therefore governed by complex policies that interact in non-obvious ways with other areas of policy-making. In this paper we present an agent-based model of social and child care provision in the UK, in which agents can provide informal care or pay for private care for their relatives. Agents make care decisions based on numerous factors including their health status, employment, financial situation, and social and physical distance to those in need. Simulation results show that the model can produce plausible patterns of care need and availability, and therefore can provide an important aid to this complex area of policy-making. We conclude that the model's use of kinship networks for distributing care and the explicit modelling of interactions between social care and child care will enable policy-makers to develop more informed policy interventions in these critical areas.
